From a10d206ef1a83121ab7430cb196e0376a7145b22 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Paul E. McKenney" Date: Sat, 22 Sep 2012 13:55:30 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] rcu: Fix day-one dyntick-idle stall-warning bug Each grace period is supposed to have at least one callback waiting for that grace period to complete. However, if CONFIG_NO_HZ=n, an extra callback-free grace period is no big problem -- it will chew up a tiny bit of CPU time, but it will complete normally. In contrast, CONFIG_NO_HZ=y kernels have the potential for all the CPUs to go to sleep indefinitely, in turn indefinitely delaying completion of the callback-free grace period. Given that nothing is waiting on this grace period, this is also not a problem. That is, unless RCU CPU stall warnings are also enabled, as they are in recent kernels. In this case, if a CPU wakes up after at least one minute of inactivity, an RCU CPU stall warning will result. The reason that no one noticed until quite recently is that most systems have enough OS noise that they will never remain absolutely idle for a full minute. But there are some embedded systems with cut-down userspace configurations that consistently get into this situation. All this begs the question of exactly how a callback-free grace period gets started in the first place. This can happen due to the fact that CPUs do not necessarily agree on which grace period is in progress. If a CPU still believes that the grace period that just completed is still ongoing, it will believe that it has callbacks that need to wait for another grace period, never mind the fact that the grace period that they were waiting for just completed. This CPU can therefore erroneously decide to start a new grace period. Note that this can happen in TREE_RCU and TREE_PREEMPT_RCU even on a single-CPU system: Deadlock considerations mean that the CPU that detected the end of the grace period is not necessarily officially informed of this fact for some time. Once this CPU notices that the earlier grace period completed, it will invoke its callbacks. It then won't have any callbacks left. If no other CPU has any callbacks, we now have a callback-free grace period. This commit therefore makes CPUs check more carefully before starting a new grace period. This new check relies on an array of tail pointers into each CPU's list of callbacks. If the CPU is up to date on which grace periods have completed, it checks to see if any callbacks follow the RCU_DONE_TAIL segment, otherwise it checks to see if any callbacks follow the RCU_WAIT_TAIL segment. The reason that this works is that the RCU_WAIT_TAIL segment will be promoted to the RCU_DONE_TAIL segment as soon as the CPU is officially notified that the old grace period has ended. This change is to cpu_needs_another_gp(), which is called in a number of places. The only one that really matters is in rcu_start_gp(), where the root rcu_node structure's ->lock is held, which prevents any other CPU from starting or completing a grace period, so that the comparison that determines whether the CPU is missing the completion of a grace period is stable. Reported-by: Becky Bruce Reported-by: Subodh Nijsure Reported-by: Paul Walmsley Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney Tested-by: Paul Walmsley # OMAP3730, OMAP4430 Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org --- kernel/rcutree.c | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/kernel/rcutree.c b/kernel/rcutree.c index f280e542e3e9..f7bcd9e6c054 100644 --- a/kernel/rcutree.c +++ b/kernel/rcutree.c @@ -305,7 +305,9 @@ cpu_has_callbacks_ready_to_invoke(struct rcu_data *rdp) static int cpu_needs_another_gp(struct rcu_state *rsp, struct rcu_data *rdp) { - return *rdp->nxttail[RCU_DONE_TAIL] && !rcu_gp_in_progress(rsp); + return *rdp->nxttail[RCU_DONE_TAIL + + ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->completed) != rdp->completed] && + !rcu_gp_in_progress(rsp); } /* -- 2.30.2