memtest: use kstrtouint instead of simple_strtoul

Since simple_strtoul is obsolete and memtest_pattern is type of int, use
kstrtouint instead.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Murzin <vladimir.murzin@arm.com>
Cc: Leon Romanovsky <leon@leon.nu>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pagemap: update documentation

Notes about recent changes.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: various tweaks]
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pagemap: add mmap-exclusive bit for marking pages mapped only here

This patch sets bit 56 in pagemap if this page is mapped only once.  It
allows to detect exclusively used pages without exposing PFN:

present file exclusive state
0       0    0         non-present
1       1    0         file page mapped somewhere else
1       1    1         file page mapped only here
1       0    0         anon non-CoWed page (shared with parent/child)
1       0    1         anon CoWed page (or never forked)

CoWed pages in (MAP_FILE | MAP_PRIVATE) areas are anon in this context.

MMap-exclusive bit doesn't reflect potential page-sharing via swapcache:
page could be mapped once but has several swap-ptes which point to it.
Application could detect that by swap bit in pagemap entry and touch that
pte via /proc/pid/mem to get real information.

See http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAEVpBa+_RyACkhODZrRvQLs80iy0sqpdrd0AaP_-tgnX3Y9yNQ@mail.gmail.com

Requested by Mark Williamson.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix spello]
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Reviewed-by: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Tested-by: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pagemap: hide physical addresses from non-privileged users

This patch makes pagemap readable for normal users and hides physical
addresses from them.  For some use-cases PFN isn't required at all.

See http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1425935472-17949-1-git-send-email-kirill@shutemov.name

Fixes: ab676b7d6fbf ("pagemap: do not leak physical addresses to non-privileged userspace")
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Tested-by: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pagemap: rework hugetlb and thp report

This patch moves pmd dissection out of reporting loop: huge pages are
reported as bunch of normal pages with contiguous PFNs.

Add missing "FILE" bit in hugetlb vmas.

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Tested-by: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pagemap: switch to the new format and do some cleanup

This patch removes page-shift bits (scheduled to remove since 3.11) and
completes migration to the new bit layout.  Also it cleans messy macro.

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Tested-by: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pagemap: check permissions and capabilities at open time

This patchset makes pagemap useable again in the safe way (after row
hammer bug it was made CAP_SYS_ADMIN-only).  This patchset restores access
for non-privileged users but hides PFNs from them.

Also it adds bit 'map-exclusive' which is set if page is mapped only here:
it helps in estimation of working set without exposing pfns and allows to
distinguish CoWed and non-CoWed private anonymous pages.

Second patch removes page-shift bits and completes migration to the new
pagemap format: flags soft-dirty and mmap-exclusive are available only in
the new format.

This patch (of 5):

This patch moves permission checks from pagemap_read() into pagemap_open().

Pointer to mm is saved in file->private_data. This reference pins only
mm_struct itself. /proc/*/mem, maps, smaps already work in the same way.

See http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CA+55aFyKpWrt_Ajzh1rzp_GcwZ4=6Y=kOv8hBz172CFJp6L8Tg@mail.gmail.com

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Tested-by: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: remove put_page_unless_one()

It has no callers.

Signed-off-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/memblock.c: WARN_ON when flags differs from overlap region

Each memblock_region has flags to indicates the type of this range. For
the overlap case, memblock_add_range() inserts the lower part and leave the
upper part as indicated in the overlapped region.

If the flags of the new range differs from the overlapped region, the
information recorded is not correct.

This patch adds a WARN_ON when the flags of the new range differs from the
overlapped region.

Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <weiyang@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/page_alloc.c: remove unused variable in free_area_init_core()

Commit febd5949e134 ("mm/memory hotplug: init the zone's size when
calculating node totalpages") refines the function
free_area_init_core().

After doing so, these two parameters are not used anymore.

This patch removes these two parameters.

Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <weiyang@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Gu Zheng <guz.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/page_alloc.c: refine the calculation of highest possible node id

nr_node_ids records the highest possible node id, which is calculated by
scanning the bitmap node_states[N_POSSIBLE].  Current implementation
scan the bitmap from the beginning, which will scan the whole bitmap.

This patch reverses the order by scanning from the end with
find_last_bit().

Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <weiyang@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm, dax: use i_mmap_unlock_write() in do_cow_fault()

__dax_fault() takes i_mmap_lock for write. Let's pair it with write
unlock on do_cow_fault() side.

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: take i_mmap_lock in unmap_mapping_range() for DAX

DAX is not so special: we need i_mmap_lock to protect mapping->i_mmap.

__dax_pmd_fault() uses unmap_mapping_range() shoot out zero page from
all mappings.  We need to drop i_mmap_lock there to avoid lock deadlock.

Re-aquiring the lock should be fine since we check i_size after the
point.

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

dax: use linear_page_index()

I was basically open-coding it (thanks to copying code from do_fault()
which probably also needs to be fixed).

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

dax: ensure that zero pages are removed from other processes

If the first access to a huge page was a store, there would be no existing
zero pmd in this process's page tables.  There could be a zero pmd in
another process's page tables, if it had done a load.  We can detect this
case by noticing that the buffer_head returned from the filesystem is New,
and ensure that other processes mapping this huge page have their page
tables flushed.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

dax: don't use set_huge_zero_page()

This is another place where DAX assumed that pgtable_t was a pointer.
Open code the important parts of set_huge_zero_page() in DAX and make
set_huge_zero_page() static again.

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

thp: fix zap_huge_pmd() for DAX

The original DAX code assumed that pgtable_t was a pointer, which isn't
true on all architectures.  Restructure the code to not rely on that
assumption.

[willy@linux.intel.com: further fixes integrated into this patch]
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

thp: decrement refcount on huge zero page if it is split

The DAX code neglected to put the refcount on the huge zero page.
Also we must notify on splits.

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

dax: fix race between simultaneous faults

If two threads write-fault on the same hole at the same time, the winner
of the race will return to userspace and complete their store, only to
have the loser overwrite their store with zeroes.  Fix this for now by
taking the i_mmap_sem for write instead of read, and do so outside the
call to get_block().  Now the loser of the race will see the block has
already been zeroed, and will not zero it again.

This severely limits our scalability.  I have ideas for improving it, but
those can wait for a later patch.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ext4: start transaction before calling into DAX

Jan Kara pointed out that in the case where we are writing to a hole, we
can end up with a lock inversion between the page lock and the journal
lock.  We can avoid this by starting the transaction in ext4 before
calling into DAX.  The journal lock nests inside the superblock
pagefault lock, so we have to duplicate that code from dax_fault, like
XFS does.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ext4: add ext4_get_block_dax()

DAX wants different semantics from any currently-existing ext4 get_block
callback.  Unlike ext4_get_block_write(), it needs to honour the
'create' flag, and unlike ext4_get_block(), it needs to be able to
return unwritten extents.  So introduce a new ext4_get_block_dax() which
has those semantics.

We could also change ext4_get_block_write() to honour the 'create' flag,
but that might have consequences on other users that I do not currently
understand.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

dax: improve comment about truncate race

Jan Kara pointed out I should be more explicit here about the perils of
racing against truncate.  The comment is mostly the same as for the PTE
case.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

thp: change insert_pfn's return type to void

It would make more sense to have all the return values from
vmf_insert_pfn_pmd() encoded in one place instead of having to follow
the convention into insert_pfn().  Suggested by Jeff Moyer.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ext4: use ext4_get_block_write() for DAX

DAX relies on the get_block function either zeroing newly allocated
blocks before they're findable by subsequent calls to get_block, or
marking newly allocated blocks as unwritten.  ext4_get_block() cannot
create unwritten extents, but ext4_get_block_write() can.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Andy Rudoff <andy.rudoff@intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

fs/dax.c: fix typo in #endif comment

Fix typo s/CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGES/CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE/ in
#endif comment introduced by commit 2b26a9206d6a ("dax: add huge page
fault support").

Signed-off-by: Valentin Rothberg <valentinrothberg@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

xfs: huge page fault support

Use DAX to provide support for huge pages.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ext4: huge page fault support

Use DAX to provide support for huge pages.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ext2: huge page fault support

Use DAX to provide support for huge pages.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

dax: add huge page fault support

This is the support code for DAX-enabled filesystems to allow them to
provide huge pages in response to faults.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: add vmf_insert_pfn_pmd()

Similar to vm_insert_pfn(), but for PMDs rather than PTEs.  The 'vmf_'
prefix instead of 'vm_' prefix is intended to indicate that it returns a
VMF_ value rather than an errno (which would only have to be converted
into a VMF_ value anyway).

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: export various functions for the benefit of DAX

To use the huge zero page in DAX, we need these functions exported.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: add a pmd_fault handler

Allow non-anonymous VMAs to provide huge pages in response to a page fault.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

thp: prepare for DAX huge pages

Add a vma_is_dax() helper macro to test whether the VMA is DAX, and use it
in zap_huge_pmd() and __split_huge_page_pmd().

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

dax: revert userfaultfd change

Undo the change which "userfaultfd: call handle_userfault() for
userfaultfd_missing() faults" made to set_huge_zero_page().  DAX will
need that return value.

Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

dax: move DAX-related functions to a new header

In order to handle the !CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGES case, we need to
return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK from the inlined dax_pmd_fault(), which is
defined in linux/mm.h.  Given that we don't want to include <linux/mm.h>
in <linux/fs.h>, the easiest solution is to move the DAX-related
functions to a new header, <linux/dax.h>.  We could also have moved
VM_FAULT_* definitions to a new header, or a different header that isn't
quite such a boil-the-ocean header as <linux/mm.h>, but this felt like
the best option.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

thp: vma_adjust_trans_huge(): adjust file-backed VMA too

This series of patches adds support for using PMD page table entries to
map DAX files.  We expect NV-DIMMs to start showing up that are many
gigabytes in size and the memory consumption of 4kB PTEs will be
astronomical.

The patch series leverages much of the Transparant Huge Pages
infrastructure, going so far as to borrow one of Kirill's patches from
his THP page cache series.

This patch (of 10):

Since we're going to have huge pages in page cache, we need to call adjust
file-backed VMA, which potentially can contain huge pages.

For now we call it for all VMAs.

Probably later we will need to introduce a flag to indicate that the VMA
has huge pages.

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <matthew.r.wilcox@intel.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mremap: fix the wrong !vma->vm_file check in copy_vma()

Test-case:

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <assert.h>

void *find_vdso_vaddr(void)
{
FILE *perl;
char buf[32] = {};

perl = popen("perl -e 'open STDIN,qq|/proc/@{[getppid]}/maps|;"
"/^(.*?)-.*vdso/ && print hex $1 while <>'", "r");
fread(buf, sizeof(buf), 1, perl);
fclose(perl);

return (void *)atol(buf);
}

#define PAGE_SIZE 4096

void *get_unmapped_area(void)
{
void *p = mmap(0, PAGE_SIZE, PROT_NONE,
MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1,0);
assert(p != MAP_FAILED);
munmap(p, PAGE_SIZE);
return p;
}

char save[2][PAGE_SIZE];

int main(void)
{
void *vdso = find_vdso_vaddr();
void *page[2];

assert(vdso);
memcpy(save, vdso, sizeof (save));
// force another fault on the next check
assert(madvise(vdso, 2 * PAGE_SIZE, MADV_DONTNEED) == 0);

page[0] = mremap(vdso,
PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE, MREMAP_FIXED | MREMAP_MAYMOVE,
get_unmapped_area());
page[1] = mremap(vdso + PAGE_SIZE,
PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE, MREMAP_FIXED | MREMAP_MAYMOVE,
get_unmapped_area());

assert(page[0] != MAP_FAILED && page[1] != MAP_FAILED);
printf("match: %d %d\n",
!memcmp(save[0], page[0], PAGE_SIZE),
!memcmp(save[1], page[1], PAGE_SIZE));

return 0;
}

fails without this patch. Before the previous commit it gets the wrong
page, now it segfaults (which is imho better).

This is because copy_vma() wrongly assumes that if vma->vm_file == NULL
is irrelevant until the first fault which will use do_anonymous_page().
This is obviously wrong for the special mapping.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mmap: fix the usage of ->vm_pgoff in special_mapping paths

Test-case:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <assert.h>

void *find_vdso_vaddr(void)
{
FILE *perl;
char buf[32] = {};

perl = popen("perl -e 'open STDIN,qq|/proc/@{[getppid]}/maps|;"
"/^(.*?)-.*vdso/ && print hex $1 while <>'", "r");
fread(buf, sizeof(buf), 1, perl);
fclose(perl);

return (void *)atol(buf);
}

#define PAGE_SIZE 4096

int main(void)
{
void *vdso = find_vdso_vaddr();
assert(vdso);

// of course they should differ, and they do so far
printf("vdso pages differ: %d\n",
!!memcmp(vdso, vdso + PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE));

// split into 2 vma's
assert(mprotect(vdso, PAGE_SIZE, PROT_READ) == 0);

// force another fault on the next check
assert(madvise(vdso, 2 * PAGE_SIZE, MADV_DONTNEED) == 0);

// now they no longer differ, the 2nd vm_pgoff is wrong
printf("vdso pages differ: %d\n",
!!memcmp(vdso, vdso + PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE));

return 0;
}

Output:

vdso pages differ: 1
vdso pages differ: 0

This is because split_vma() correctly updates ->vm_pgoff, but the logic
in insert_vm_struct() and special_mapping_fault() is absolutely broken,
so the fault at vdso + PAGE_SIZE return the 1st page. The same happens
if you simply unmap the 1st page.

special_mapping_fault() does:

pgoff = vmf->pgoff - vma->vm_pgoff;

and this is _only_ correct if vma->vm_start mmaps the first page from
->vm_private_data array.

vdso or any other user of install_special_mapping() is not anonymous,
it has the "backing storage" even if it is just the array of pages.
So we actually need to make vm_pgoff work as an offset in this array.

Note: this also allows to fix another problem: currently gdb can't access
"[vvar]" memory because in this case special_mapping_fault() doesn't work.
Now that we can use ->vm_pgoff we can implement ->access() and fix this.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: introduce vma_is_anonymous(vma) helper

special_mapping_fault() is absolutely broken.  It seems it was always
wrong, but this didn't matter until vdso/vvar started to use more than
one page.

And after this change vma_is_anonymous() becomes really trivial, it
simply checks vm_ops == NULL.  However, I do think the helper makes
sense.  There are a lot of ->vm_ops != NULL checks, the helper makes the
caller's code more understandable (self-documented) and this is more
grep-friendly.

This patch (of 3):

Preparation.  Add the new simple helper, vma_is_anonymous(vma), and change
handle_pte_fault() to use it.  It will have more users.

The name is not accurate, say a hpet_mmap()'ed vma is not anonymous.
Perhaps it should be named vma_has_fault() instead.  But it matches the
logic in mmap.c/memory.c (see next changes).  "True" just means that a
page fault will use do_anonymous_page().

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

selftests/userfaultfd: fix compiler warnings on 32-bit

On 32-bit:

    userfaultfd.c: In function 'locking_thread':
    userfaultfd.c:152: warning: left shift count >= width of type
    userfaultfd.c: In function 'uffd_poll_thread':
    userfaultfd.c:295: warning: cast to pointer from integer of different size
    userfaultfd.c: In function 'uffd_read_thread':
    userfaultfd.c:332: warning: cast to pointer from integer of different size

Fix the shift warning by splitting the shift in two parts, and the
integer/pointer warnigns by adding intermediate casts to "unsigned long".

Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

cgroup: fix seq_show_option merge with legacy_name

When seq_show_option (commit a068acf2ee77: "fs: create and use
seq_show_option for escaping") was merged, it did not correctly collide
with cgroup's addition of legacy_name (commit 3e1d2eed39d8: "cgroup:
introduce cgroup_subsys->legacy_name") changes.

This fixes the reported name.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Merge tag 'nfs-for-4.3-1' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs

Pull NFS client updates from Trond Myklebust:
 "Highlights include:

  Stable patches:
   - Fix atomicity of pNFS commit list updates
   - Fix NFSv4 handling of open(O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_RDONLY)
   - nfs_set_pgio_error sometimes misses errors
   - Fix a thinko in xs_connect()
   - Fix borkage in _same_data_server_addrs_locked()
   - Fix a NULL pointer dereference of migration recovery ops for v4.2
     client
   - Don't let the ctime override attribute barriers.
   - Revert "NFSv4: Remove incorrect check in can_open_delegated()"
   - Ensure flexfiles pNFS driver updates the inode after write finishes
   - flexfiles must not pollute the attribute cache with attrbutes from
     the DS
   - Fix a protocol error in layoutreturn
   - Fix a protocol issue with NFSv4.1 CLOSE stateids

  Bugfixes + cleanups
   - pNFS blocks bugfixes from Christoph
   - Various cleanups from Anna
   - More fixes for delegation corner cases
   - Don't fsync twice for O_SYNC/IS_SYNC files
   - Fix pNFS and flexfiles layoutstats bugs
   - pnfs/flexfiles: avoid duplicate tracking of mirror data
   - pnfs: Fix layoutget/layoutreturn/return-on-close serialisation
     issues
   - pnfs/flexfiles: error handling retries a layoutget before fallback
     to MDS

  Features:
   - Full support for the OPEN NFS4_CREATE_EXCLUSIVE4_1 mode from
     Kinglong
   - More RDMA client transport improvements from Chuck
   - Removal of the deprecated ib_reg_phys_mr() and ib_rereg_phys_mr()
     verbs from the SUNRPC, Lustre and core infiniband tree.
   - Optimise away the close-to-open getattr if there is no cached data"

* tag 'nfs-for-4.3-1' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs: (108 commits)
  NFSv4: Respect the server imposed limit on how many changes we may cache
  NFSv4: Express delegation limit in units of pages
  Revert "NFS: Make close(2) asynchronous when closing NFS O_DIRECT files"
  NFS: Optimise away the close-to-open getattr if there is no cached data
  NFSv4.1/flexfiles: Clean up ff_layout_write_done_cb/ff_layout_commit_done_cb
  NFSv4.1/flexfiles: Mark the layout for return in ff_layout_io_track_ds_error()
  nfs: Remove unneeded checking of the return value from scnprintf
  nfs: Fix truncated client owner id without proto type
  NFSv4.1/flexfiles: Mark layout for return if the mirrors are invalid
  NFSv4.1/flexfiles: RW layouts are valid only if all mirrors are valid
  NFSv4.1/flexfiles: Fix incorrect usage of pnfs_generic_mark_devid_invalid()
  NFSv4.1/flexfiles: Fix freeing of mirrors
  NFSv4.1/pNFS: Don't request a minimal read layout beyond the end of file
  NFSv4.1/pnfs: Handle LAYOUTGET return values correctly
  NFSv4.1/pnfs: Don't ask for a read layout for an empty file.
  NFSv4.1: Fix a protocol issue with CLOSE stateids
  NFSv4.1/flexfiles: Don't mark the entire deviceid as bad for file errors
  SUNRPC: Prevent SYN+SYNACK+RST storms
  SUNRPC: xs_reset_transport must mark the connection as disconnected
  NFSv4.1/pnfs: Ensure layoutreturn reserves space for the opaque payload
  ...

Merge tag 'xfs-for-linus-4.3' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/dgc/linux-xfs

Pull xfs updates from Dave Chinner:
 "There isn't a whole lot to this update - it's mostly bug fixes and
  they are spread pretty much all over XFS.  There are some corruption
  fixes, some fixes for log recovery, some fixes that prevent unount
  from hanging, a lockdep annotation rework for inode locking to prevent
  false positives and the usual random bunch of cleanups and minor
  improvements.

  Deatils:

   - large rework of EFI/EFD lifecycle handling to fix log recovery
     corruption issues, crashes and unmount hangs

   - separate metadata UUID on disk to enable changing boot label UUID
     for v5 filesystems

   - fixes for gcc miscompilation on certain platforms and optimisation
     levels

   - remote attribute allocation and recovery corruption fixes

   - inode lockdep annotation rework to fix bugs with too many
     subclasses

   - directory inode locking changes to prevent lockdep false positives

   - a handful of minor corruption fixes

   - various other small cleanups and bug fixes"

* tag 'xfs-for-linus-4.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dgc/linux-xfs: (42 commits)
  xfs: fix error gotos in xfs_setattr_nonsize
  xfs: add mssing inode cache attempts counter increment
  xfs: return errors from partial I/O failures to files
  libxfs: bad magic number should set da block buffer error
  xfs: fix non-debug build warnings
  xfs: collapse allocsize and biosize mount option handling
  xfs: Fix file type directory corruption for btree directories
  xfs: lockdep annotations throw warnings on non-debug builds
  xfs: Fix uninitialized return value in xfs_alloc_fix_freelist()
  xfs: inode lockdep annotations broke non-lockdep build
  xfs: flush entire file on dio read/write to cached file
  xfs: Fix xfs_attr_leafblock definition
  libxfs: readahead of dir3 data blocks should use the read verifier
  xfs: stop holding ILOCK over filldir callbacks
  xfs: clean up inode lockdep annotations
  xfs: swap leaf buffer into path struct atomically during path shift
  xfs: relocate sparse inode mount warning
  xfs: dquots should be stamped with sb_meta_uuid
  xfs: log recovery needs to validate against sb_meta_uuid
  xfs: growfs not aware of sb_meta_uuid
  ...

NFSv4: Respect the server imposed limit on how many changes we may cache

The NFSv4 delegation spec allows the server to tell a client to limit how
much data it cache after the file is closed. In return, the server
guarantees enough free space to avoid ENOSPC situations, etc.
Prior to this patch, we assumed we could always cache aggressively after
close. Unfortunately, this causes problems with servers that set the
limit to 0 and therefore do not offer any ENOSPC guarantees.

Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>

NFSv4: Express delegation limit in units of pages

Since we're tracking modifications to the page cache on a per-page
basis, it makes sense to express the limit to how much we may cache
in units of pages.

Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>

Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs

Pull vfs updates from Al Viro:
 "In this one:

   - d_move fixes (Eric Biederman)

   - UFS fixes (me; locking is mostly sane now, a bunch of bugs in error
     handling ought to be fixed)

   - switch of sb_writers to percpu rwsem (Oleg Nesterov)

   - superblock scalability (Josef Bacik and Dave Chinner)

   - swapon(2) race fix (Hugh Dickins)"

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (65 commits)
  vfs: Test for and handle paths that are unreachable from their mnt_root
  dcache: Reduce the scope of i_lock in d_splice_alias
  dcache: Handle escaped paths in prepend_path
  mm: fix potential data race in SyS_swapon
  inode: don't softlockup when evicting inodes
  inode: rename i_wb_list to i_io_list
  sync: serialise per-superblock sync operations
  inode: convert inode_sb_list_lock to per-sb
  inode: add hlist_fake to avoid the inode hash lock in evict
  writeback: plug writeback at a high level
  change sb_writers to use percpu_rw_semaphore
  shift percpu_counter_destroy() into destroy_super_work()
  percpu-rwsem: kill CONFIG_PERCPU_RWSEM
  percpu-rwsem: introduce percpu_rwsem_release() and percpu_rwsem_acquire()
  percpu-rwsem: introduce percpu_down_read_trylock()
  document rwsem_release() in sb_wait_write()
  fix the broken lockdep logic in __sb_start_write()
  introduce __sb_writers_{acquired,release}() helpers
  ufs_inode_get{frag,block}(): get rid of 'phys' argument
  ufs_getfrag_block(): tidy up a bit
  ...

Merge tag 'for-linus-4.3-merge-window-part-1' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/ericvh/v9fs

Pull 9p updates from Eric Van Hensbergen:
 "Just a few cleanups for 4.3 merge window for the 9p file system.  I've
  gotten several more over the past week, but this group has been in
  for-next for at least a couple of weeks so I figured I'd push them
  first while I test the rest.

  Most of the ones not in this set are bug-fixes anyways so I could hold
  them for rc1"

* tag 'for-linus-4.3-merge-window-part-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ericvh/v9fs:
  9p: fix return code of read() when count is 0
  9p: remove unused option Opt_trans

Merge tag 'media/v4.3-1' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-media

Pull media updates from Mauro Carvalho Chehab:
 - new DVB frontend drivers: ascot2e, cxd2841er, horus3a, lnbh25
 - new HDMI capture driver: tc358743
 - new driver for NetUP DVB new boards (netup_unidvb)
 - IR support for DVBSky cards (smipcie-ir)
 - Coda driver has gain macroblock tiling support
 - Renesas R-Car gains JPEG codec driver
 - new DVB platform driver for STi boards: c8sectpfe
 - added documentation for the media core kABI to device-drivers DocBook
 - lots of driver fixups, cleanups and improvements

* tag 'media/v4.3-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-media: (297 commits)
  [media] c8sectpfe: Remove select on undefined LIBELF_32
  [media] i2c: fix platform_no_drv_owner.cocci warnings
  [media] cx231xx: Use wake_up_interruptible() instead of wake_up_interruptible_nr()
  [media] tc358743: only queue subdev notifications if devnode is set
  [media] tc358743: add missing Kconfig dependency/select
  [media] c8sectpfe: Use %pad to print 'dma_addr_t'
  [media] DocBook media: Fix typo "the the" in xml files
  [media] tc358743: make reset gpio optional
  [media] tc358743: set direction of reset gpio using devm_gpiod_get
  [media] dvbdev: document most of the functions/data structs
  [media] dvb_frontend.h: document the struct dvb_frontend
  [media] dvb-frontend.h: document struct dtv_frontend_properties
  [media] dvb-frontend.h: document struct dvb_frontend_ops
  [media] dvb: Use DVBFE_ALGO_HW where applicable
  [media] dvb_frontend.h: document struct analog_demod_ops
  [media] dvb_frontend.h: Document struct dvb_tuner_ops
  [media] Docbook: Document struct analog_parameters
  [media] dvb_frontend.h: get rid of dvbfe_modcod
  [media] add documentation for struct dvb_tuner_info
  [media] dvb_frontend: document dvb_frontend_tune_settings
  ...

Merge branch 'mailbox-for-next' of git://git.linaro.org/landing-teams/working/fujitsu/integration

Pull mailbox updates from Jassi Brar:
 "Mainly we move from jiffy based timer to HRTIMER for finer control
  over polling.  Then a controller reduces its polling period from 10 to
  1ms"

* 'mailbox-for-next' of git://git.linaro.org/landing-teams/working/fujitsu/integration:
  mailbox: arm_mhu: reduce txpoll_period from 10ms to 1 ms
  mailbox: switch to hrtimer for tx_complete polling
  mailbox: Drop owner assignment from platform_driver

Merge tag 'md/4.3' of git://neil.brown.name/md

Pull md updates from Neil Brown:

 - an assortment of little fixes, several for minor races only likely to
   be hit during testing

 - further cluster-md-raid1 development, not ready for real use yet.

 - new RAID6 syndrome code for ARM NEON

 - fix a race where a write can return before failure of one device is
   properly recorded in metadata, so an immediate crash might result in
   that write being lost.

* tag 'md/4.3' of git://neil.brown.name/md: (33 commits)
  md/raid5: ensure device failure recorded before write request returns.
  md/raid5: use bio_list for the list of bios to return.
  md/raid10: ensure device failure recorded before write request returns.
  md/raid1: ensure device failure recorded before write request returns.
  md-cluster: remove inappropriate try_module_get from join()
  md: extend spinlock protection in register_md_cluster_operations
  md-cluster: Read the disk bitmap sb and check if it needs recovery
  md-cluster: only call complete(&cinfo->completion) when node join cluster
  md-cluster: add missed lockres_free
  md-cluster: remove the unused sb_lock
  md-cluster: init suspend_list and suspend_lock early in join
  md-cluster: add the error check if failed to get dlm lock
  md-cluster: init completion within lockres_init
  md-cluster: fix deadlock issue on message lock
  md-cluster: transfer the resync ownership to another node
  md-cluster: split recover_slot for future code reuse
  md-cluster: use %pU to print UUIDs
  md: setup safemode_timer before it's being used
  md/raid5: handle possible race as reshape completes.
  md: sync sync_completed has correct value as recovery finishes.
  ...

Merge tag 'nfsd-4.3' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux

Pull nfsd updates from Bruce Fields:
 "Nothing major, but:

   - Add Jeff Layton as an nfsd co-maintainer: no change to existing
     practice, just an acknowledgement of the status quo.

   - Two patches ("nfsd: ensure that...") for a race overlooked by the
     state locking rewrite, causing a crash noticed by multiple users.

   - Lots of smaller bugfixes all over from Kinglong Mee.

   - From Jeff, some cleanup of server rpc code in preparation for
     possible shift of nfsd threads to workqueues"

* tag 'nfsd-4.3' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (52 commits)
  nfsd: deal with DELEGRETURN racing with CB_RECALL
  nfsd: return CLID_INUSE for unexpected SETCLIENTID_CONFIRM case
  nfsd: ensure that delegation stateid hash references are only put once
  nfsd: ensure that the ol stateid hash reference is only put once
  net: sunrpc: fix tracepoint Warning: unknown op '->'
  nfsd: allow more than one laundry job to run at a time
  nfsd: don't WARN/backtrace for invalid container deployment.
  fs: fix fs/locks.c kernel-doc warning
  nfsd: Add Jeff Layton as co-maintainer
  NFSD: Return word2 bitmask if setting security label in OPEN/CREATE
  NFSD: Set the attributes used to store the verifier for EXCLUSIVE4_1
  nfsd: SUPPATTR_EXCLCREAT must be encoded before SECURITY_LABEL.
  nfsd: Fix an FS_LAYOUT_TYPES/LAYOUT_TYPES encode bug
  NFSD: Store parent's stat in a separate value
  nfsd: Fix two typos in comments
  lockd: NLM grace period shouldn't block NFSv4 opens
  nfsd: include linux/nfs4.h in export.h
  sunrpc: Switch to using hash list instead single list
  sunrpc/nfsd: Remove redundant code by exports seq_operations functions
  sunrpc: Store cache_detail in seq_file's private directly
  ...

Merge branch 'for-linus-4.3' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs

Pull btrfs updates from Chris Mason:
 "This has Jeff Mahoney's long standing trim patch that fixes corners
  where trims were missing.  Omar has some raid5/6 fixes, especially for
  using scrub and device replace when devices are missing.

  Zhao Lie continues cleaning and fixing things, this series fixes some
  really hard to hit corners in xfstests.  I had to pull it last merge
  window due to some deadlocks, but those are now resolved.

  I added support for Tejun's new blkio controllers.  It seems to work
  well for single devices, we'll expand to multi-device as well"

* 'for-linus-4.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs: (47 commits)
  btrfs: fix compile when block cgroups are not enabled
  Btrfs: fix file read corruption after extent cloning and fsync
  Btrfs: check if previous transaction aborted to avoid fs corruption
  btrfs: use __GFP_NOFAIL in alloc_btrfs_bio
  btrfs: Prevent from early transaction abort
  btrfs: Remove unused arguments in tree-log.c
  btrfs: Remove useless condition in start_log_trans()
  Btrfs: add support for blkio controllers
  Btrfs: remove unused mutex from struct 'btrfs_fs_info'
  Btrfs: fix parity scrub of RAID 5/6 with missing device
  Btrfs: fix device replace of a missing RAID 5/6 device
  Btrfs: add RAID 5/6 BTRFS_RBIO_REBUILD_MISSING operation
  Btrfs: count devices correctly in readahead during RAID 5/6 replace
  Btrfs: remove misleading handling of missing device scrub
  btrfs: fix clone / extent-same deadlocks
  Btrfs: fix defrag to merge tail file extent
  Btrfs: fix warning in backref walking
  btrfs: Add WARN_ON() for double lock in btrfs_tree_lock()
  btrfs: Remove root argument in extent_data_ref_count()
  btrfs: Fix wrong comment of btrfs_alloc_tree_block()
  ...

Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)

Merge patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:

 - a few misc things

 - Andy's "ambient capabilities"

 - fs/nofity updates

 - the ocfs2 queue

 - kernel/watchdog.c updates and feature work.

 - some of MM.  Includes Andrea's userfaultfd feature.

[ Hadn't noticed that userfaultfd was 'default y' when applying the
  patches, so that got fixed in this merge instead.  We do _not_ mark
  new features that nobody uses yet 'default y'   - Linus ]

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (118 commits)
  mm/hugetlb.c: make vma_has_reserves() return bool
  mm/madvise.c: make madvise_behaviour_valid() return bool
  mm/memory.c: make tlb_next_batch() return bool
  mm/dmapool.c: change is_page_busy() return from int to bool
  mm: remove struct node_active_region
  mremap: simplify the "overlap" check in mremap_to()
  mremap: don't do uneccesary checks if new_len == old_len
  mremap: don't do mm_populate(new_addr) on failure
  mm: move ->mremap() from file_operations to vm_operations_struct
  mremap: don't leak new_vma if f_op->mremap() fails
  mm/hugetlb.c: make vma_shareable() return bool
  mm: make GUP handle pfn mapping unless FOLL_GET is requested
  mm: fix status code which move_pages() returns for zero page
  mm: memcontrol: bring back the VM_BUG_ON() in mem_cgroup_swapout()
  genalloc: add support of multiple gen_pools per device
  genalloc: add name arg to gen_pool_get() and devm_gen_pool_create()
  mm/memblock: WARN_ON when nid differs from overlap region
  Documentation/features/vm: add feature description and arch support status for batched TLB flush after unmap
  mm: defer flush of writable TLB entries
  mm: send one IPI per CPU to TLB flush all entries after unmapping pages
  ...

task_work: remove fifo ordering guarantee

In commit f341861fb0b ("task_work: add a scheduling point in
task_work_run()") I fixed a latency problem adding a cond_resched()
call.

Later, commit ac3d0da8f329 added yet another loop to reverse a list,
bringing back the latency spike :

I've seen in some cases this loop taking 275 ms, if for example a
process with 2,000,000 files is killed.

We could add yet another cond_resched() in the reverse loop, or we
can simply remove the reversal, as I do not think anything
would depend on order of task_work_add() submitted works.

Fixes: ac3d0da8f329 ("task_work: Make task_work_add() lockless")
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reported-by: Maciej Żenczykowski <maze@google.com>
Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Merge linux-block/for-4.3/core into md/for-linux

There were a few conflicts that are fairly easy to resolve.

Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>

mm/hugetlb.c: make vma_has_reserves() return bool

This makes vma_has_reserves() return bool due to this particular function
only returning either one or zero as its return value.

Signed-off-by: Nicholas Krause <xerofoify@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/madvise.c: make madvise_behaviour_valid() return bool

This makes the madvise_bahaviour_valid() function return bool due to
this particular function always returning the value of either one or
zero as its return value.

Signed-off-by: Nicholas Krause <xerofoify@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/memory.c: make tlb_next_batch() return bool

This makes the tlb_next_batch() bool due to this particular function only
ever returning either one or zero as its return value.

Signed-off-by: Nicholas Krause <xerofoify@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/dmapool.c: change is_page_busy() return from int to bool

This makes the function is_page_busy() return bool rather then an int now
due to this particular function's single return statement only ever
evaulating to either one or zero.

Signed-off-by: Nicholas Krause <xerofoify@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: remove struct node_active_region

struct node_active_region is not used anymore.  Remove it.

Signed-off-by: minkyung88.kim <minkyung88.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mremap: simplify the "overlap" check in mremap_to()

Minor, but this check is overcomplicated.  Two half-intervals do NOT
overlap if END1 <= START2 || END2 <= START1, mremap_to() just needs to
negate this check.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mremap: don't do uneccesary checks if new_len == old_len

The "new_len > old_len" branch in vma_to_resize() looks very confusing.
It only covers the VM_DONTEXPAND/pgoff checks but everything below is
equally unneeded if new_len == old_len.

Change this code to return if "new_len == old_len", new_len < old_len is
not possible, otherwise the code below is wrong anyway.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mremap: don't do mm_populate(new_addr) on failure

move_vma() sets *locked even if move_page_tables() or ->mremap() fails,
change sys_mremap() to check "ret & ~PAGE_MASK".

I think we should simply remove the VM_LOCKED code in move_vma(), that is
why this patch doesn't change move_vma().  But this needs more cleanups.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: move ->mremap() from file_operations to vm_operations_struct

vma->vm_ops->mremap() looks more natural and clean in move_vma(), and this
way ->mremap() can have more users.  Say, vdso.

While at it, s/aio_ring_remap/aio_ring_mremap/.

Note: this is the minimal change before ->mremap() finds another user in
file_operations; this method should have more arguments, and it can be
used to kill arch_remap().

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mremap: don't leak new_vma if f_op->mremap() fails

move_vma() can't just return if f_op->mremap() fails, we should unmap the
new vma like we do if move_page_tables() fails.  To avoid the code
duplication this patch moves the "move entries back" under the new "if
(err)" branch.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/hugetlb.c: make vma_shareable() return bool

This makes vma_shareable() return bool now due to this particular function
only ever returning either one or zero as its return value.

Signed-off-by: Nicholas Krause <xerofoify@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: make GUP handle pfn mapping unless FOLL_GET is requested

With DAX, pfn mapping becoming more common.  The patch adjusts GUP code to
cover pfn mapping for cases when we don't need struct page to proceed.

To make it possible, let's change follow_page() code to return -EEXIST
error code if proper page table entry exists, but no corresponding struct
page.  __get_user_page() would ignore the error code and move to the next
page frame.

The immediate effect of the change is working MAP_POPULATE and mlock() on
DAX mappings.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix arm64 build]
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Acked-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: fix status code which move_pages() returns for zero page

The manpage for move_pages(2) specifies that status code for zero page is
supposed to be -EFAULT.  Currently kernel return -ENOENT in this case.

follow_page() can do it for us, if we would ask for FOLL_DUMP.  The use of
FOLL_DUMP also means that the upper layer page tables pages are no longer
allocated.

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: memcontrol: bring back the VM_BUG_ON() in mem_cgroup_swapout()

Clark stumbled over a VM_BUG_ON() in -RT which was then was removed by
Johannes in commit f371763a79d ("mm: memcontrol: fix false-positive
VM_BUG_ON() on -rt").  The comment before that patch was a tiny bit better
than it is now.  While the patch claimed to fix a false-postive on -RT
this was not the case.  None of the -RT folks ACKed it and it was not a
false positive report.  That was a *real* problem.

This patch updates the comment that is improper because it refers to
"disabled preemption" as a consequence of that lock being taken.  A
spin_lock() disables preemption, true, but in this case the code relies on
the fact that the lock _also_ disables interrupts once it is acquired.
And this is the important detail (which was checked the VM_BUG_ON()) which
needs to be pointed out.  This is the hint one needs while looking at the
code.  It was explained by Johannes on the list that the per-CPU variables
are protected by local_irq_save().  The BUG_ON() was helpful.  This code
has been workarounded in -RT in the meantime.  I wouldn't mind running
into more of those if the code in question uses *special* kind of locking
since now there is no verification (in terms of lockdep or BUG_ON()) and
therefore I bring the VM_BUG_ON() check back in.

The two functions after the comment could also have a "local_irq_save()"
dance around them in order to serialize access to the per-CPU variables.
This has been avoided because the interrupts should be off.

Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

genalloc: add support of multiple gen_pools per device

This change fills devm_gen_pool_create()/gen_pool_get() "name" argument
stub with contents and extends of_gen_pool_get() functionality on this
basis.

If there is no associated platform device with a device node passed to
of_gen_pool_get(), the function attempts to get a label property or device
node name (= repeats MTD OF partition standard) and seeks for a named
gen_pool registered by device of the parent device node.

The main idea of the change is to allow registration of independent
gen_pools under the same umbrella device, say "partitions" on "storage
device", the original functionality of one "partition" per "storage
device" is untouched.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix constness in devres_find()]
[dan.carpenter@oracle.com: freeing const data pointers]
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Zapolskiy <vladimir_zapolskiy@mentor.com>
Cc: Philipp Zabel <p.zabel@pengutronix.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Nicolas Ferre <nicolas.ferre@atmel.com>
Cc: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Jean-Christophe Plagniol-Villard <plagnioj@jcrosoft.com>
Cc: Shawn Guo <shawnguo@kernel.org>
Cc: Sascha Hauer <kernel@pengutronix.de>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@osg.samsung.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

genalloc: add name arg to gen_pool_get() and devm_gen_pool_create()

This change modifies gen_pool_get() and devm_gen_pool_create() client
interfaces adding one more argument "name" of a gen_pool object.

Due to implementation gen_pool_get() is capable to retrieve only one
gen_pool associated with a device even if multiple gen_pools are created,
fortunately right at the moment it is sufficient for the clients, hence
provide NULL as a valid argument on both producer devm_gen_pool_create()
and consumer gen_pool_get() sides.

Because only one created gen_pool per device is addressable, explicitly
add a restriction to devm_gen_pool_create() to create only one gen_pool
per device, this implies two possible error codes returned by the
function, account it on client side (only misc/sram).  This completes
client side changes related to genalloc updates.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: gen_pool_get() cleanup]
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Zapolskiy <vladimir_zapolskiy@mentor.com>
Cc: Philipp Zabel <p.zabel@pengutronix.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Nicolas Ferre <nicolas.ferre@atmel.com>
Cc: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Jean-Christophe Plagniol-Villard <plagnioj@jcrosoft.com>
Cc: Shawn Guo <shawnguo@kernel.org>
Cc: Sascha Hauer <kernel@pengutronix.de>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@osg.samsung.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm/memblock: WARN_ON when nid differs from overlap region

Each memblock_region has nid to indicates the Node ID of this range.  For
the overlap case, memblock_add_range() inserts the lower part and leave
the upper part as indicated in the overlapped region.

If the nid of the new range differs from the overlapped region, the
information recorded is not correct.

This patch adds a WARN_ON when the nid of the new range differs from the
overlapped region.

Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <weiyang@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Documentation/features/vm: add feature description and arch support status for batched TLB flush after unmap

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: defer flush of writable TLB entries

If a PTE is unmapped and it's dirty then it was writable recently.  Due to
deferred TLB flushing, it's best to assume a writable TLB cache entry
exists.  With that assumption, the TLB must be flushed before any IO can
start or the page is freed to avoid lost writes or data corruption.  This
patch defers flushing of potentially writable TLBs as long as possible.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mm: send one IPI per CPU to TLB flush all entries after unmapping pages

An IPI is sent to flush remote TLBs when a page is unmapped that was
potentially accesssed by other CPUs.  There are many circumstances where
this happens but the obvious one is kswapd reclaiming pages belonging to a
running process as kswapd and the task are likely running on separate
CPUs.

On small machines, this is not a significant problem but as machine gets
larger with more cores and more memory, the cost of these IPIs can be
high.  This patch uses a simple structure that tracks CPUs that
potentially have TLB entries for pages being unmapped.  When the unmapping
is complete, the full TLB is flushed on the assumption that a refill cost
is lower than flushing individual entries.

Architectures wishing to do this must give the following guarantee.

        If a clean page is unmapped and not immediately flushed, the
        architecture must guarantee that a write to that linear address
        from a CPU with a cached TLB entry will trap a page fault.

This is essentially what the kernel already depends on but the window is
much larger with this patch applied and is worth highlighting.  The
architecture should consider whether the cost of the full TLB flush is
higher than sending an IPI to flush each individual entry.  An additional
architecture helper called flush_tlb_local is required.  It's a trivial
wrapper with some accounting in the x86 case.

The impact of this patch depends on the workload as measuring any benefit
requires both mapped pages co-located on the LRU and memory pressure.  The
case with the biggest impact is multiple processes reading mapped pages
taken from the vm-scalability test suite.  The test case uses NR_CPU
readers of mapped files that consume 10*RAM.

Linear mapped reader on a 4-node machine with 64G RAM and 48 CPUs

                                           4.2.0-rc1          4.2.0-rc1
                                             vanilla       flushfull-v7
Ops lru-file-mmap-read-elapsed      159.62 (  0.00%)   120.68 ( 24.40%)
Ops lru-file-mmap-read-time_range    30.59 (  0.00%)     2.80 ( 90.85%)
Ops lru-file-mmap-read-time_stddv     6.70 (  0.00%)     0.64 ( 90.38%)

           4.2.0-rc1    4.2.0-rc1
             vanilla flushfull-v7
User          581.00       611.43
System       5804.93      4111.76
Elapsed       161.03       122.12

This is showing that the readers completed 24.40% faster with 29% less
system CPU time.  From vmstats, it is known that the vanilla kernel was
interrupted roughly 900K times per second during the steady phase of the
test and the patched kernel was interrupts 180K times per second.

The impact is lower on a single socket machine.

                                           4.2.0-rc1          4.2.0-rc1
                                             vanilla       flushfull-v7
Ops lru-file-mmap-read-elapsed       25.33 (  0.00%)    20.38 ( 19.54%)
Ops lru-file-mmap-read-time_range     0.91 (  0.00%)     1.44 (-58.24%)
Ops lru-file-mmap-read-time_stddv     0.28 (  0.00%)     0.47 (-65.34%)

           4.2.0-rc1    4.2.0-rc1
             vanilla flushfull-v7
User           58.09        57.64
System        111.82        76.56
Elapsed        27.29        22.55

It's still a noticeable improvement with vmstat showing interrupts went
from roughly 500K per second to 45K per second.

The patch will have no impact on workloads with no memory pressure or have
relatively few mapped pages.  It will have an unpredictable impact on the
workload running on the CPU being flushed as it'll depend on how many TLB
entries need to be refilled and how long that takes.  Worst case, the TLB
will be completely cleared of active entries when the target PFNs were not
resident at all.

[sasha.levin@oracle.com: trace tlb flush after disabling preemption in try_to_unmap_flush]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

x86, mm: trace when an IPI is about to be sent

When unmapping pages it is necessary to flush the TLB.  If that page was
accessed by another CPU then an IPI is used to flush the remote CPU.  That
is a lot of IPIs if kswapd is scanning and unmapping >100K pages per
second.

There already is a window between when a page is unmapped and when it is
TLB flushed.  This series increases the window so multiple pages can be
flushed using a single IPI.  This should be safe or the kernel is hosed
already.

Patch 1 simply made the rest of the series easier to write as ftrace
        could identify all the senders of TLB flush IPIS.

Patch 2 tracks what CPUs potentially map a PFN and then sends an IPI
        to flush the entire TLB.

Patch 3 tracks when there potentially are writable TLB entries that
        need to be batched differently

Patch 4 increases SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX to further batch flushes

The performance impact is documented in the changelogs but in the optimistic
case on a 4-socket machine the full series reduces interrupts from 900K
interrupts/second to 60K interrupts/second.

This patch (of 4):

It is easy to trace when an IPI is received to flush a TLB but harder to
detect what event sent it.  This patch makes it easy to identify the
source of IPIs being transmitted for TLB flushes on x86.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: selftest

This test allocates two virtual areas and bounces the physical memory
across the two virtual areas using only userfaultfd.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah.kh@samsung.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: avoid missing wakeups during refile in userfaultfd_read

During the refile in userfaultfd_read both waitqueues could look empty to
the lockless wake_userfault().  Use a seqcount to prevent this false
negative that could leave an userfault blocked.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: propagate the full address in THP faults

The THP faults were not propagating the original fault address.  The
latest version of the API with uffd.arg.pagefault.address is supposed to
propagate the full address through THP faults.

This was not a kernel crashing bug and it wouldn't risk to corrupt user
memory, but it would cause a SIGBUS failure because the wrong page was
being copied.

For various reasons this wasn't easily reproducible in the qemu workload,
but the strestest exposed the problem immediately.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: allow signals to interrupt a userfault

This is only simple to achieve if the userfault is going to return to
userland (not to the kernel) because we can avoid returning VM_FAULT_RETRY
despite we temporarily released the mmap_sem.  The fault would just be
retried by userland then.  This is safe at least on x86 and powerpc (the
two archs with the syscall implemented so far).

Hint to verify for which archs this is safe: after handle_mm_fault
returns, no access to data structures protected by the mmap_sem must be
done by the fault code in arch/*/mm/fault.c until up_read(&mm->mmap_sem)
is called.

This has two main benefits: signals can run with lower latency in
production (signals aren't blocked by userfaults and userfaults are
immediately repeated after signal processing) and gdb can then trivially
debug the threads blocked in this kind of userfaults coming directly from
userland.

On a side note: while gdb has a need to get signal processed, coredumps
always worked perfectly with userfaults, no matter if the userfault is
triggered by GUP a kernel copy_user or directly from userland.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: require UFFDIO_API before other ioctls

UFFDIO_API was already forced before read/poll could work.  This makes the
code more strict to force it also for all other ioctls.

All users would already have been required to call UFFDIO_API before
invoking other ioctls but this makes it more explicit.

This will ensure we can change all ioctls (all but UFFDIO_API/struct
uffdio_api) with a bump of uffdio_api.api.

There's no actual plan or need to change the API or the ioctl, the current
API already should cover fine even the non cooperative usage, but this is
just for the longer term future just in case.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: UFFDIO_COPY and UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE

These two ioctl allows to either atomically copy or to map zeropages
into the virtual address space. This is used by the thread that opened
the userfaultfd to resolve the userfaults.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: avoid mmap_sem read recursion in mcopy_atomic

If the rwsem starves writers it wasn't strictly a bug but lockdep
doesn't like it and this avoids depending on lowlevel implementation
details of the lock.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: delete weird BUILD_BUG_ON()]
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: mcopy_atomic|mfill_zeropage: UFFDIO_COPY|UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE preparation

This implements mcopy_atomic and mfill_zeropage that are the lowlevel
VM methods that are invoked respectively by the UFFDIO_COPY and
UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE userfaultfd commands.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: UFFDIO_COPY|UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE uAPI

This implements the uABI of UFFDIO_COPY and UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: activate syscall

This activates the userfaultfd syscall.

[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: activate syscall fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: don't enable userfaultfd on powerpc]
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: buildsystem activation

This allows to select the userfaultfd during configuration to build it.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: solve the race between UFFDIO_COPY|ZEROPAGE and read

Solve in-kernel the race between UFFDIO_COPY|ZEROPAGE and
userfaultfd_read if they are run on different threads simultaneously.

Until now qemu solved the race in userland: the race was explicitly
and intentionally left for userland to solve. However we can also
solve it in kernel.

Requiring all users to solve this race if they use two threads (one
for the background transfer and one for the userfault reads) isn't
very attractive from an API prospective, furthermore this allows to
remove a whole bunch of mutex and bitmap code from qemu, making it
faster. The cost of __get_user_pages_fast should be insignificant
considering it scales perfectly and the pagetables are already hot in
the CPU cache, compared to the overhead in userland to maintain those
structures.

Applying this patch is backwards compatible with respect to the
userfaultfd userland API, however reverting this change wouldn't be
backwards compatible anymore.

Without this patch qemu in the background transfer thread, has to read
the old state, and do UFFDIO_WAKE if old_state is missing but it
become REQUESTED by the time it tries to set it to RECEIVED (signaling
the other side received an userfault).

    vcpu                background_thr userfault_thr
    -----               -----          -----
    vcpu0 handle_mm_fault()

                        postcopy_place_page
                        read old_state -> MISSING
                        UFFDIO_COPY 0x7fb76a139000 (no wakeup, still pending)

    vcpu0 fault at 0x7fb76a139000 enters handle_userfault
    poll() is kicked

                                        poll() -> POLLIN
                                        read() -> 0x7fb76a139000
                                        postcopy_pmi_change_state(MISSING, REQUESTED) -> REQUESTED

                        tmp_state = postcopy_pmi_change_state(old_state, RECEIVED) -> REQUESTED
                        /* check that no userfault raced with UFFDIO_COPY */
                        if (old_state == MISSING && tmp_state == REQUESTED)
                                UFFDIO_WAKE from background thread

And a second case where a UFFDIO_WAKE would be needed is in the userfault thread:

    vcpu                background_thr userfault_thr
    -----               -----          -----
    vcpu0 handle_mm_fault()

                        postcopy_place_page
                        read old_state -> MISSING
                        UFFDIO_COPY 0x7fb76a139000 (no wakeup, still pending)
                        tmp_state = postcopy_pmi_change_state(old_state, RECEIVED) -> RECEIVED

    vcpu0 fault at 0x7fb76a139000 enters handle_userfault
    poll() is kicked

                                        poll() -> POLLIN
                                        read() -> 0x7fb76a139000

                                        if (postcopy_pmi_change_state(MISSING, REQUESTED) == RECEIVED)
                                                UFFDIO_WAKE from userfault thread

This patch removes the need of both UFFDIO_WAKE and of the associated
per-page tristate as well.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: allocate the userfaultfd_ctx cacheline aligned

Use proper slab to guarantee alignment.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: optimize read() and poll() to be O(1)

This makes read O(1) and poll that was already O(1) becomes lockless.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: wake pending userfaults

This is an optimization but it's a userland visible one and it affects
the API.

The downside of this optimization is that if you call poll() and you
get POLLIN, read(ufd) may still return -EAGAIN. The blocked userfault
may be waken by a different thread, before read(ufd) comes
around. This in short means that poll() isn't really usable if the
userfaultfd is opened in blocking mode.

userfaults won't wait in "pending" state to be read anymore and any
UFFDIO_WAKE or similar operations that has the objective of waking
userfaults after their resolution, will wake all blocked userfaults
for the resolved range, including those that haven't been read() by
userland yet.

The behavior of poll() becomes not standard, but this obviates the
need of "spurious" UFFDIO_WAKE and it lets the userland threads to
restart immediately without requiring an UFFDIO_WAKE. This is even
more significant in case of repeated faults on the same address from
multiple threads.

This optimization is justified by the measurement that the number of
spurious UFFDIO_WAKE accounts for 5% and 10% of the total
userfaults for heavy workloads, so it's worth optimizing those away.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: change the read API to return a uffd_msg

I had requests to return the full address (not the page aligned one) to
userland.

It's not entirely clear how the page offset could be relevant because
userfaults aren't like SIGBUS that can sigjump to a different place and it
actually skip resolving the fault depending on a page offset.  There's
currently no real way to skip the fault especially because after a
UFFDIO_COPY|ZEROPAGE, the fault is optimized to be retried within the
kernel without having to return to userland first (not even self modifying
code replacing the .text that touched the faulting address would prevent
the fault to be repeated).  Userland cannot skip repeating the fault even
more so if the fault was triggered by a KVM secondary page fault or any
get_user_pages or any copy-user inside some syscall which will return to
kernel code.  The second time FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT won't be set leading
to a SIGBUS being raised because the userfault can't wait if it cannot
release the mmap_map first (and FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT is required for
that).

Still returning userland a proper structure during the read() on the uffd,
can allow to use the current UFFD_API for the future non-cooperative
extensions too and it looks cleaner as well.  Once we get additional
fields there's no point to return the fault address page aligned anymore
to reuse the bits below PAGE_SHIFT.

The only downside is that the read() syscall will read 32bytes instead of
8bytes but that's not going to be measurable overhead.

The total number of new events that can be extended or of new future bits
for already shipped events, is limited to 64 by the features field of the
uffdio_api structure.  If more will be needed a bump of UFFD_API will be
required.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use __packed]
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: Rename uffd_api.bits into .features

This is (seems to be) the minimal thing that is required to unblock
standard uffd usage from the non-cooperative one.  Now more bits can be
added to the features field indicating e.g.  UFFD_FEATURE_FORK and others
needed for the latter use-case.

Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: add new syscall to provide memory externalization

Once an userfaultfd has been created and certain region of the process
virtual address space have been registered into it, the thread responsible
for doing the memory externalization can manage the page faults in
userland by talking to the kernel using the userfaultfd protocol.

poll() can be used to know when there are new pending userfaults to be
read (POLLIN).

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: prevent khugepaged to merge if userfaultfd is armed

If userfaultfd is armed on a certain vma we can't "fill" the holes with
zeroes or we'll break the userland on demand paging.  The holes if the
userfault is armed, are really missing information (not zeroes) that the
userland has to load from network or elsewhere.

The same issue happens for wrprotected ptes that we can't just convert
into a single writable pmd_trans_huge.

We could however in theory still merge across zeropages if only
VM_UFFD_MISSING is set (so if VM_UFFD_WP is not set)...  that could be
slightly improved but it'd be much more complex code for a tiny corner
case.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: teach vma_merge to merge across vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx

vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx is yet another vma parameter that vma_merge
must be aware about so that we can merge vmas back like they were
originally before arming the userfaultfd on some memory range.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: call handle_userfault() for userfaultfd_missing() faults

This is where the page faults must be modified to call
handle_userfault() if userfaultfd_missing() is true (so if the
vma->vm_flags had VM_UFFD_MISSING set).

handle_userfault() then takes care of blocking the page fault and
delivering it to userland.

The fault flags must also be passed as parameter so the "read|write"
kind of fault can be passed to userland.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: add VM_UFFD_MISSING and VM_UFFD_WP

These two flags gets set in vma->vm_flags to tell the VM common code
if the userfaultfd is armed and in which mode (only tracking missing
faults, only tracking wrprotect faults or both). If neither flags is
set it means the userfaultfd is not armed on the vma.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: add vm_userfaultfd_ctx to the vm_area_struct

This adds the vm_userfaultfd_ctx to the vm_area_struct.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

userfaultfd: linux/userfaultfd_k.h

Kernel header defining the methods needed by the VM common code to
interact with the userfaultfd.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>