Merge branch 'Modify-action-API-for-implementing-lockless-actions'

Vlad Buslov says:

====================
Modify action API for implementing lockless actions

Currently, all netlink protocol handlers for updating rules, actions and
qdiscs are protected with single global rtnl lock which removes any
possibility for parallelism. This patch set is a first step to remove
rtnl lock dependency from TC rules update path.

Recently, new rtnl registration flag RTNL_FLAG_DOIT_UNLOCKED was added.
Handlers registered with this flag are called without RTNL taken. End
goal is to have rule update handlers(RTM_NEWTFILTER, RTM_DELTFILTER,
etc.) to be registered with UNLOCKED flag to allow parallel execution.
However, there is no intention to completely remove or split rtnl lock
itself. This patch set addresses specific problems in action API that
prevents it from being executed concurrently. This patch set does not
completely unlock rules or actions update path. Additional patch sets
are required to refactor individual actions and filters update for
parallel execution.

As a preparation for executing TC rules update handlers without rtnl
lock, action API code was audited to determine areas that assume
external synchronization with rtnl lock and must be changed to allow
safe concurrent access with following results:

1. Action idr is already protected with spinlock. However, some code
   paths assume that idr state is not changes between several
   consecutive tcf_idr_* function calls.
2. tc_action reference and bind counters are implemented as plain
   integers. They purpose was to allow single actions to be shared
   between multiple filters, not to provide means for concurrent
   modification.
3. tc_action 'cookie' pointer field is not protected against
   modification.
4. Action API functions, that work with set of actions, use intrusive
   linked list, which cannot be used concurrently without additional
   synchronization.
5. Action API functions don't take reference to actions while using
   them, assuming external synchronization with rtnl lock.

Following solutions to these problems are implemented:

1. To remove assumption that idr state doesn't change between tcf_idr_*
   calls, implement new functions that atomically perform several
   operations on idr without releasing idr spinlock. (function to
   atomically lookup and delete action by index, function to atomically
   check if action exists and allocate new one if necessary, etc.)
2. Use atomic operations on counters to make them suitable for
   concurrent get/put operations.
3. Data that 'cookie' points to is never modified, so it enough to
   refactor it to rcu pointer to prevent concurrent de-allocation.
4. Action API doesn't actually use any linked list specific operations
   on actions intrusive linked list, so it can be refactored to array in
   straightforward manner.
5. Always take reference to action while accessing it in action API.
   tcf_idr_search function modified to take reference to action before
   returning it, so there is no way to lookup an action without
   incrementing its reference counter. All users of this function are
   modified to release the reference, after they done using action. With
   all users using reference counting, it is now safe to concurrently
   delete actions.

Additionally, actions init function signature was expanded with
'rtnl_held' argument, that allows actions that have internal dependency
on rtnl lock to take/release it when necessary.

Since only shared state in action API module are actions themselves and
action idr, these changes are sufficient to not to rely on global rtnl
lock for protection of internal action API data structures.

Changes from V5 to V6:
- Rebase on current net-next
- When action is deleted, set pointer in actions array to NULL to
  prevent double freeing.

Changes from V4 to V5:
- Change action delete API to track actions that were deleted, to
  prevent releasing them on error.

Changes from V3 to V4:
- Expand cover letter.
- Reduce actions array size in tcf_action_init_1.
- Rebase on latest net-next.

Changes from V2 to V3:
- Re-send with changelog copied to individual patches.

Changes from V1 to V2:
- Removed redundant actions ops lookup during delete.
- Merge action ops delete definition and implementation.
- Assume all actions have delete implemented and don't check for it
  explicitly.
- Resplit action lookup/release code to prevent memory leaks in
  individual patches.
- Make __tcf_idr_check function static
- Remove unique idr insertion function. Change original idr insert to do
  the same thing.
- Merge changes that take reference to action when performing lookup and
  changes that account for this additional reference when dumping action
  to user space into single patch.
- Change convoluted commit message.
- Rename "unlocked" to "rtnl_held" for clarity.
- Remove estimator lock add patch.
- Refactor action check-alloc code into standalone function.
- Rename tcf_idr_find_delete to tcf_idr_delete_index.
- Rearrange variable definitions in tc_action_delete.
- Add patch that refactors action API code to use array of pointers to
  actions instead of intrusive linked list.
- Expand cover letter.
====================

Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>