block: Rename the null_blk_mod kernel module back into null_blk
authorBart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@wdc.com>
Mon, 23 Jul 2018 21:18:33 +0000 (14:18 -0700)
committerJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Tue, 24 Jul 2018 15:54:36 +0000 (09:54 -0600)
Commit ca4b2a011948 ("null_blk: add zone support") breaks several
blktests scripts because it renamed the null_blk kernel module into
null_blk_mod. Hence rename null_blk_mod back into null_blk.

Fixes: ca4b2a011948 ("null_blk: add zone support")
Signed-off-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@wdc.com>
Cc: Matias Bjorling <matias.bjorling@wdc.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Cc: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
drivers/block/Makefile
drivers/block/null_blk.c [deleted file]
drivers/block/null_blk_main.c [new file with mode: 0644]

index a0d88aa0c05d60f48df96a4ec2c1137b85d0dd18..8566b188368b3692d1b13257953ecf229737c1e3 100644 (file)
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_PCIESSD_MTIP32XX)        += mtip32xx/
 obj-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RSXX) += rsxx/
 obj-$(CONFIG_ZRAM) += zram/
 
-obj-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK) += null_blk_mod.o
-null_blk_mod-objs      := null_blk.o
-null_blk_mod-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_ZONED) += null_blk_zoned.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK) += null_blk.o
+null_blk-objs  := null_blk_main.o
+null_blk-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_ZONED) += null_blk_zoned.o
 
 skd-y          := skd_main.o
 swim_mod-y     := swim.o swim_asm.o
diff --git a/drivers/block/null_blk.c b/drivers/block/null_blk.c
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index 86cafa6..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1926 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Add configfs and memory store: Kyungchan Koh <kkc6196@fb.com> and
- * Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
- */
-#include <linux/module.h>
-
-#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
-#include <linux/sched.h>
-#include <linux/fs.h>
-#include <linux/init.h>
-#include "null_blk.h"
-
-#define PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT     (PAGE_SHIFT - SECTOR_SHIFT)
-#define PAGE_SECTORS           (1 << PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT)
-#define SECTOR_MASK            (PAGE_SECTORS - 1)
-
-#define FREE_BATCH             16
-
-#define TICKS_PER_SEC          50ULL
-#define TIMER_INTERVAL         (NSEC_PER_SEC / TICKS_PER_SEC)
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
-static DECLARE_FAULT_ATTR(null_timeout_attr);
-static DECLARE_FAULT_ATTR(null_requeue_attr);
-#endif
-
-static inline u64 mb_per_tick(int mbps)
-{
-       return (1 << 20) / TICKS_PER_SEC * ((u64) mbps);
-}
-
-/*
- * Status flags for nullb_device.
- *
- * CONFIGURED: Device has been configured and turned on. Cannot reconfigure.
- * UP:         Device is currently on and visible in userspace.
- * THROTTLED:  Device is being throttled.
- * CACHE:      Device is using a write-back cache.
- */
-enum nullb_device_flags {
-       NULLB_DEV_FL_CONFIGURED = 0,
-       NULLB_DEV_FL_UP         = 1,
-       NULLB_DEV_FL_THROTTLED  = 2,
-       NULLB_DEV_FL_CACHE      = 3,
-};
-
-#define MAP_SZ         ((PAGE_SIZE >> SECTOR_SHIFT) + 2)
-/*
- * nullb_page is a page in memory for nullb devices.
- *
- * @page:      The page holding the data.
- * @bitmap:    The bitmap represents which sector in the page has data.
- *             Each bit represents one block size. For example, sector 8
- *             will use the 7th bit
- * The highest 2 bits of bitmap are for special purpose. LOCK means the cache
- * page is being flushing to storage. FREE means the cache page is freed and
- * should be skipped from flushing to storage. Please see
- * null_make_cache_space
- */
-struct nullb_page {
-       struct page *page;
-       DECLARE_BITMAP(bitmap, MAP_SZ);
-};
-#define NULLB_PAGE_LOCK (MAP_SZ - 1)
-#define NULLB_PAGE_FREE (MAP_SZ - 2)
-
-static LIST_HEAD(nullb_list);
-static struct mutex lock;
-static int null_major;
-static DEFINE_IDA(nullb_indexes);
-static struct blk_mq_tag_set tag_set;
-
-enum {
-       NULL_IRQ_NONE           = 0,
-       NULL_IRQ_SOFTIRQ        = 1,
-       NULL_IRQ_TIMER          = 2,
-};
-
-enum {
-       NULL_Q_BIO              = 0,
-       NULL_Q_RQ               = 1,
-       NULL_Q_MQ               = 2,
-};
-
-static int g_no_sched;
-module_param_named(no_sched, g_no_sched, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(no_sched, "No io scheduler");
-
-static int g_submit_queues = 1;
-module_param_named(submit_queues, g_submit_queues, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(submit_queues, "Number of submission queues");
-
-static int g_home_node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
-module_param_named(home_node, g_home_node, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(home_node, "Home node for the device");
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
-static char g_timeout_str[80];
-module_param_string(timeout, g_timeout_str, sizeof(g_timeout_str), 0444);
-
-static char g_requeue_str[80];
-module_param_string(requeue, g_requeue_str, sizeof(g_requeue_str), 0444);
-#endif
-
-static int g_queue_mode = NULL_Q_MQ;
-
-static int null_param_store_val(const char *str, int *val, int min, int max)
-{
-       int ret, new_val;
-
-       ret = kstrtoint(str, 10, &new_val);
-       if (ret)
-               return -EINVAL;
-
-       if (new_val < min || new_val > max)
-               return -EINVAL;
-
-       *val = new_val;
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int null_set_queue_mode(const char *str, const struct kernel_param *kp)
-{
-       return null_param_store_val(str, &g_queue_mode, NULL_Q_BIO, NULL_Q_MQ);
-}
-
-static const struct kernel_param_ops null_queue_mode_param_ops = {
-       .set    = null_set_queue_mode,
-       .get    = param_get_int,
-};
-
-device_param_cb(queue_mode, &null_queue_mode_param_ops, &g_queue_mode, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(queue_mode, "Block interface to use (0=bio,1=rq,2=multiqueue)");
-
-static int g_gb = 250;
-module_param_named(gb, g_gb, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(gb, "Size in GB");
-
-static int g_bs = 512;
-module_param_named(bs, g_bs, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(bs, "Block size (in bytes)");
-
-static int nr_devices = 1;
-module_param(nr_devices, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(nr_devices, "Number of devices to register");
-
-static bool g_blocking;
-module_param_named(blocking, g_blocking, bool, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(blocking, "Register as a blocking blk-mq driver device");
-
-static bool shared_tags;
-module_param(shared_tags, bool, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(shared_tags, "Share tag set between devices for blk-mq");
-
-static int g_irqmode = NULL_IRQ_SOFTIRQ;
-
-static int null_set_irqmode(const char *str, const struct kernel_param *kp)
-{
-       return null_param_store_val(str, &g_irqmode, NULL_IRQ_NONE,
-                                       NULL_IRQ_TIMER);
-}
-
-static const struct kernel_param_ops null_irqmode_param_ops = {
-       .set    = null_set_irqmode,
-       .get    = param_get_int,
-};
-
-device_param_cb(irqmode, &null_irqmode_param_ops, &g_irqmode, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(irqmode, "IRQ completion handler. 0-none, 1-softirq, 2-timer");
-
-static unsigned long g_completion_nsec = 10000;
-module_param_named(completion_nsec, g_completion_nsec, ulong, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(completion_nsec, "Time in ns to complete a request in hardware. Default: 10,000ns");
-
-static int g_hw_queue_depth = 64;
-module_param_named(hw_queue_depth, g_hw_queue_depth, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(hw_queue_depth, "Queue depth for each hardware queue. Default: 64");
-
-static bool g_use_per_node_hctx;
-module_param_named(use_per_node_hctx, g_use_per_node_hctx, bool, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_per_node_hctx, "Use per-node allocation for hardware context queues. Default: false");
-
-static bool g_zoned;
-module_param_named(zoned, g_zoned, bool, S_IRUGO);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(zoned, "Make device as a host-managed zoned block device. Default: false");
-
-static unsigned long g_zone_size = 256;
-module_param_named(zone_size, g_zone_size, ulong, S_IRUGO);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(zone_size, "Zone size in MB when block device is zoned. Must be power-of-two: Default: 256");
-
-static struct nullb_device *null_alloc_dev(void);
-static void null_free_dev(struct nullb_device *dev);
-static void null_del_dev(struct nullb *nullb);
-static int null_add_dev(struct nullb_device *dev);
-static void null_free_device_storage(struct nullb_device *dev, bool is_cache);
-
-static inline struct nullb_device *to_nullb_device(struct config_item *item)
-{
-       return item ? container_of(item, struct nullb_device, item) : NULL;
-}
-
-static inline ssize_t nullb_device_uint_attr_show(unsigned int val, char *page)
-{
-       return snprintf(page, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n", val);
-}
-
-static inline ssize_t nullb_device_ulong_attr_show(unsigned long val,
-       char *page)
-{
-       return snprintf(page, PAGE_SIZE, "%lu\n", val);
-}
-
-static inline ssize_t nullb_device_bool_attr_show(bool val, char *page)
-{
-       return snprintf(page, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n", val);
-}
-
-static ssize_t nullb_device_uint_attr_store(unsigned int *val,
-       const char *page, size_t count)
-{
-       unsigned int tmp;
-       int result;
-
-       result = kstrtouint(page, 0, &tmp);
-       if (result)
-               return result;
-
-       *val = tmp;
-       return count;
-}
-
-static ssize_t nullb_device_ulong_attr_store(unsigned long *val,
-       const char *page, size_t count)
-{
-       int result;
-       unsigned long tmp;
-
-       result = kstrtoul(page, 0, &tmp);
-       if (result)
-               return result;
-
-       *val = tmp;
-       return count;
-}
-
-static ssize_t nullb_device_bool_attr_store(bool *val, const char *page,
-       size_t count)
-{
-       bool tmp;
-       int result;
-
-       result = kstrtobool(page,  &tmp);
-       if (result)
-               return result;
-
-       *val = tmp;
-       return count;
-}
-
-/* The following macro should only be used with TYPE = {uint, ulong, bool}. */
-#define NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(NAME, TYPE)                                          \
-static ssize_t                                                                 \
-nullb_device_##NAME##_show(struct config_item *item, char *page)               \
-{                                                                              \
-       return nullb_device_##TYPE##_attr_show(                                 \
-                               to_nullb_device(item)->NAME, page);             \
-}                                                                              \
-static ssize_t                                                                 \
-nullb_device_##NAME##_store(struct config_item *item, const char *page,                \
-                           size_t count)                                       \
-{                                                                              \
-       if (test_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_CONFIGURED, &to_nullb_device(item)->flags))   \
-               return -EBUSY;                                                  \
-       return nullb_device_##TYPE##_attr_store(                                \
-                       &to_nullb_device(item)->NAME, page, count);             \
-}                                                                              \
-CONFIGFS_ATTR(nullb_device_, NAME);
-
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(size, ulong);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(completion_nsec, ulong);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(submit_queues, uint);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(home_node, uint);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(queue_mode, uint);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(blocksize, uint);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(irqmode, uint);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(hw_queue_depth, uint);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(index, uint);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(blocking, bool);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(use_per_node_hctx, bool);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(memory_backed, bool);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(discard, bool);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(mbps, uint);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(cache_size, ulong);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(zoned, bool);
-NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(zone_size, ulong);
-
-static ssize_t nullb_device_power_show(struct config_item *item, char *page)
-{
-       return nullb_device_bool_attr_show(to_nullb_device(item)->power, page);
-}
-
-static ssize_t nullb_device_power_store(struct config_item *item,
-                                    const char *page, size_t count)
-{
-       struct nullb_device *dev = to_nullb_device(item);
-       bool newp = false;
-       ssize_t ret;
-
-       ret = nullb_device_bool_attr_store(&newp, page, count);
-       if (ret < 0)
-               return ret;
-
-       if (!dev->power && newp) {
-               if (test_and_set_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_UP, &dev->flags))
-                       return count;
-               if (null_add_dev(dev)) {
-                       clear_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_UP, &dev->flags);
-                       return -ENOMEM;
-               }
-
-               set_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_CONFIGURED, &dev->flags);
-               dev->power = newp;
-       } else if (dev->power && !newp) {
-               mutex_lock(&lock);
-               dev->power = newp;
-               null_del_dev(dev->nullb);
-               mutex_unlock(&lock);
-               clear_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_UP, &dev->flags);
-               clear_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_CONFIGURED, &dev->flags);
-       }
-
-       return count;
-}
-
-CONFIGFS_ATTR(nullb_device_, power);
-
-static ssize_t nullb_device_badblocks_show(struct config_item *item, char *page)
-{
-       struct nullb_device *t_dev = to_nullb_device(item);
-
-       return badblocks_show(&t_dev->badblocks, page, 0);
-}
-
-static ssize_t nullb_device_badblocks_store(struct config_item *item,
-                                    const char *page, size_t count)
-{
-       struct nullb_device *t_dev = to_nullb_device(item);
-       char *orig, *buf, *tmp;
-       u64 start, end;
-       int ret;
-
-       orig = kstrndup(page, count, GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!orig)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       buf = strstrip(orig);
-
-       ret = -EINVAL;
-       if (buf[0] != '+' && buf[0] != '-')
-               goto out;
-       tmp = strchr(&buf[1], '-');
-       if (!tmp)
-               goto out;
-       *tmp = '\0';
-       ret = kstrtoull(buf + 1, 0, &start);
-       if (ret)
-               goto out;
-       ret = kstrtoull(tmp + 1, 0, &end);
-       if (ret)
-               goto out;
-       ret = -EINVAL;
-       if (start > end)
-               goto out;
-       /* enable badblocks */
-       cmpxchg(&t_dev->badblocks.shift, -1, 0);
-       if (buf[0] == '+')
-               ret = badblocks_set(&t_dev->badblocks, start,
-                       end - start + 1, 1);
-       else
-               ret = badblocks_clear(&t_dev->badblocks, start,
-                       end - start + 1);
-       if (ret == 0)
-               ret = count;
-out:
-       kfree(orig);
-       return ret;
-}
-CONFIGFS_ATTR(nullb_device_, badblocks);
-
-static struct configfs_attribute *nullb_device_attrs[] = {
-       &nullb_device_attr_size,
-       &nullb_device_attr_completion_nsec,
-       &nullb_device_attr_submit_queues,
-       &nullb_device_attr_home_node,
-       &nullb_device_attr_queue_mode,
-       &nullb_device_attr_blocksize,
-       &nullb_device_attr_irqmode,
-       &nullb_device_attr_hw_queue_depth,
-       &nullb_device_attr_index,
-       &nullb_device_attr_blocking,
-       &nullb_device_attr_use_per_node_hctx,
-       &nullb_device_attr_power,
-       &nullb_device_attr_memory_backed,
-       &nullb_device_attr_discard,
-       &nullb_device_attr_mbps,
-       &nullb_device_attr_cache_size,
-       &nullb_device_attr_badblocks,
-       &nullb_device_attr_zoned,
-       &nullb_device_attr_zone_size,
-       NULL,
-};
-
-static void nullb_device_release(struct config_item *item)
-{
-       struct nullb_device *dev = to_nullb_device(item);
-
-       null_free_device_storage(dev, false);
-       null_free_dev(dev);
-}
-
-static struct configfs_item_operations nullb_device_ops = {
-       .release        = nullb_device_release,
-};
-
-static const struct config_item_type nullb_device_type = {
-       .ct_item_ops    = &nullb_device_ops,
-       .ct_attrs       = nullb_device_attrs,
-       .ct_owner       = THIS_MODULE,
-};
-
-static struct
-config_item *nullb_group_make_item(struct config_group *group, const char *name)
-{
-       struct nullb_device *dev;
-
-       dev = null_alloc_dev();
-       if (!dev)
-               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
-
-       config_item_init_type_name(&dev->item, name, &nullb_device_type);
-
-       return &dev->item;
-}
-
-static void
-nullb_group_drop_item(struct config_group *group, struct config_item *item)
-{
-       struct nullb_device *dev = to_nullb_device(item);
-
-       if (test_and_clear_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_UP, &dev->flags)) {
-               mutex_lock(&lock);
-               dev->power = false;
-               null_del_dev(dev->nullb);
-               mutex_unlock(&lock);
-       }
-
-       config_item_put(item);
-}
-
-static ssize_t memb_group_features_show(struct config_item *item, char *page)
-{
-       return snprintf(page, PAGE_SIZE, "memory_backed,discard,bandwidth,cache,badblocks,zoned,zone_size\n");
-}
-
-CONFIGFS_ATTR_RO(memb_group_, features);
-
-static struct configfs_attribute *nullb_group_attrs[] = {
-       &memb_group_attr_features,
-       NULL,
-};
-
-static struct configfs_group_operations nullb_group_ops = {
-       .make_item      = nullb_group_make_item,
-       .drop_item      = nullb_group_drop_item,
-};
-
-static const struct config_item_type nullb_group_type = {
-       .ct_group_ops   = &nullb_group_ops,
-       .ct_attrs       = nullb_group_attrs,
-       .ct_owner       = THIS_MODULE,
-};
-
-static struct configfs_subsystem nullb_subsys = {
-       .su_group = {
-               .cg_item = {
-                       .ci_namebuf = "nullb",
-                       .ci_type = &nullb_group_type,
-               },
-       },
-};
-
-static inline int null_cache_active(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       return test_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_CACHE, &nullb->dev->flags);
-}
-
-static struct nullb_device *null_alloc_dev(void)
-{
-       struct nullb_device *dev;
-
-       dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!dev)
-               return NULL;
-       INIT_RADIX_TREE(&dev->data, GFP_ATOMIC);
-       INIT_RADIX_TREE(&dev->cache, GFP_ATOMIC);
-       if (badblocks_init(&dev->badblocks, 0)) {
-               kfree(dev);
-               return NULL;
-       }
-
-       dev->size = g_gb * 1024;
-       dev->completion_nsec = g_completion_nsec;
-       dev->submit_queues = g_submit_queues;
-       dev->home_node = g_home_node;
-       dev->queue_mode = g_queue_mode;
-       dev->blocksize = g_bs;
-       dev->irqmode = g_irqmode;
-       dev->hw_queue_depth = g_hw_queue_depth;
-       dev->blocking = g_blocking;
-       dev->use_per_node_hctx = g_use_per_node_hctx;
-       dev->zoned = g_zoned;
-       dev->zone_size = g_zone_size;
-       return dev;
-}
-
-static void null_free_dev(struct nullb_device *dev)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return;
-
-       null_zone_exit(dev);
-       badblocks_exit(&dev->badblocks);
-       kfree(dev);
-}
-
-static void put_tag(struct nullb_queue *nq, unsigned int tag)
-{
-       clear_bit_unlock(tag, nq->tag_map);
-
-       if (waitqueue_active(&nq->wait))
-               wake_up(&nq->wait);
-}
-
-static unsigned int get_tag(struct nullb_queue *nq)
-{
-       unsigned int tag;
-
-       do {
-               tag = find_first_zero_bit(nq->tag_map, nq->queue_depth);
-               if (tag >= nq->queue_depth)
-                       return -1U;
-       } while (test_and_set_bit_lock(tag, nq->tag_map));
-
-       return tag;
-}
-
-static void free_cmd(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
-{
-       put_tag(cmd->nq, cmd->tag);
-}
-
-static enum hrtimer_restart null_cmd_timer_expired(struct hrtimer *timer);
-
-static struct nullb_cmd *__alloc_cmd(struct nullb_queue *nq)
-{
-       struct nullb_cmd *cmd;
-       unsigned int tag;
-
-       tag = get_tag(nq);
-       if (tag != -1U) {
-               cmd = &nq->cmds[tag];
-               cmd->tag = tag;
-               cmd->nq = nq;
-               if (nq->dev->irqmode == NULL_IRQ_TIMER) {
-                       hrtimer_init(&cmd->timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
-                                    HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
-                       cmd->timer.function = null_cmd_timer_expired;
-               }
-               return cmd;
-       }
-
-       return NULL;
-}
-
-static struct nullb_cmd *alloc_cmd(struct nullb_queue *nq, int can_wait)
-{
-       struct nullb_cmd *cmd;
-       DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
-
-       cmd = __alloc_cmd(nq);
-       if (cmd || !can_wait)
-               return cmd;
-
-       do {
-               prepare_to_wait(&nq->wait, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
-               cmd = __alloc_cmd(nq);
-               if (cmd)
-                       break;
-
-               io_schedule();
-       } while (1);
-
-       finish_wait(&nq->wait, &wait);
-       return cmd;
-}
-
-static void end_cmd(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
-{
-       struct request_queue *q = NULL;
-       int queue_mode = cmd->nq->dev->queue_mode;
-
-       if (cmd->rq)
-               q = cmd->rq->q;
-
-       switch (queue_mode)  {
-       case NULL_Q_MQ:
-               blk_mq_end_request(cmd->rq, cmd->error);
-               return;
-       case NULL_Q_RQ:
-               INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cmd->rq->queuelist);
-               blk_end_request_all(cmd->rq, cmd->error);
-               break;
-       case NULL_Q_BIO:
-               cmd->bio->bi_status = cmd->error;
-               bio_endio(cmd->bio);
-               break;
-       }
-
-       free_cmd(cmd);
-
-       /* Restart queue if needed, as we are freeing a tag */
-       if (queue_mode == NULL_Q_RQ && blk_queue_stopped(q)) {
-               unsigned long flags;
-
-               spin_lock_irqsave(q->queue_lock, flags);
-               blk_start_queue_async(q);
-               spin_unlock_irqrestore(q->queue_lock, flags);
-       }
-}
-
-static enum hrtimer_restart null_cmd_timer_expired(struct hrtimer *timer)
-{
-       end_cmd(container_of(timer, struct nullb_cmd, timer));
-
-       return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
-}
-
-static void null_cmd_end_timer(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
-{
-       ktime_t kt = cmd->nq->dev->completion_nsec;
-
-       hrtimer_start(&cmd->timer, kt, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
-}
-
-static void null_softirq_done_fn(struct request *rq)
-{
-       struct nullb *nullb = rq->q->queuedata;
-
-       if (nullb->dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ)
-               end_cmd(blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(rq));
-       else
-               end_cmd(rq->special);
-}
-
-static struct nullb_page *null_alloc_page(gfp_t gfp_flags)
-{
-       struct nullb_page *t_page;
-
-       t_page = kmalloc(sizeof(struct nullb_page), gfp_flags);
-       if (!t_page)
-               goto out;
-
-       t_page->page = alloc_pages(gfp_flags, 0);
-       if (!t_page->page)
-               goto out_freepage;
-
-       memset(t_page->bitmap, 0, sizeof(t_page->bitmap));
-       return t_page;
-out_freepage:
-       kfree(t_page);
-out:
-       return NULL;
-}
-
-static void null_free_page(struct nullb_page *t_page)
-{
-       __set_bit(NULLB_PAGE_FREE, t_page->bitmap);
-       if (test_bit(NULLB_PAGE_LOCK, t_page->bitmap))
-               return;
-       __free_page(t_page->page);
-       kfree(t_page);
-}
-
-static bool null_page_empty(struct nullb_page *page)
-{
-       int size = MAP_SZ - 2;
-
-       return find_first_bit(page->bitmap, size) == size;
-}
-
-static void null_free_sector(struct nullb *nullb, sector_t sector,
-       bool is_cache)
-{
-       unsigned int sector_bit;
-       u64 idx;
-       struct nullb_page *t_page, *ret;
-       struct radix_tree_root *root;
-
-       root = is_cache ? &nullb->dev->cache : &nullb->dev->data;
-       idx = sector >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
-       sector_bit = (sector & SECTOR_MASK);
-
-       t_page = radix_tree_lookup(root, idx);
-       if (t_page) {
-               __clear_bit(sector_bit, t_page->bitmap);
-
-               if (null_page_empty(t_page)) {
-                       ret = radix_tree_delete_item(root, idx, t_page);
-                       WARN_ON(ret != t_page);
-                       null_free_page(ret);
-                       if (is_cache)
-                               nullb->dev->curr_cache -= PAGE_SIZE;
-               }
-       }
-}
-
-static struct nullb_page *null_radix_tree_insert(struct nullb *nullb, u64 idx,
-       struct nullb_page *t_page, bool is_cache)
-{
-       struct radix_tree_root *root;
-
-       root = is_cache ? &nullb->dev->cache : &nullb->dev->data;
-
-       if (radix_tree_insert(root, idx, t_page)) {
-               null_free_page(t_page);
-               t_page = radix_tree_lookup(root, idx);
-               WARN_ON(!t_page || t_page->page->index != idx);
-       } else if (is_cache)
-               nullb->dev->curr_cache += PAGE_SIZE;
-
-       return t_page;
-}
-
-static void null_free_device_storage(struct nullb_device *dev, bool is_cache)
-{
-       unsigned long pos = 0;
-       int nr_pages;
-       struct nullb_page *ret, *t_pages[FREE_BATCH];
-       struct radix_tree_root *root;
-
-       root = is_cache ? &dev->cache : &dev->data;
-
-       do {
-               int i;
-
-               nr_pages = radix_tree_gang_lookup(root,
-                               (void **)t_pages, pos, FREE_BATCH);
-
-               for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
-                       pos = t_pages[i]->page->index;
-                       ret = radix_tree_delete_item(root, pos, t_pages[i]);
-                       WARN_ON(ret != t_pages[i]);
-                       null_free_page(ret);
-               }
-
-               pos++;
-       } while (nr_pages == FREE_BATCH);
-
-       if (is_cache)
-               dev->curr_cache = 0;
-}
-
-static struct nullb_page *__null_lookup_page(struct nullb *nullb,
-       sector_t sector, bool for_write, bool is_cache)
-{
-       unsigned int sector_bit;
-       u64 idx;
-       struct nullb_page *t_page;
-       struct radix_tree_root *root;
-
-       idx = sector >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
-       sector_bit = (sector & SECTOR_MASK);
-
-       root = is_cache ? &nullb->dev->cache : &nullb->dev->data;
-       t_page = radix_tree_lookup(root, idx);
-       WARN_ON(t_page && t_page->page->index != idx);
-
-       if (t_page && (for_write || test_bit(sector_bit, t_page->bitmap)))
-               return t_page;
-
-       return NULL;
-}
-
-static struct nullb_page *null_lookup_page(struct nullb *nullb,
-       sector_t sector, bool for_write, bool ignore_cache)
-{
-       struct nullb_page *page = NULL;
-
-       if (!ignore_cache)
-               page = __null_lookup_page(nullb, sector, for_write, true);
-       if (page)
-               return page;
-       return __null_lookup_page(nullb, sector, for_write, false);
-}
-
-static struct nullb_page *null_insert_page(struct nullb *nullb,
-       sector_t sector, bool ignore_cache)
-{
-       u64 idx;
-       struct nullb_page *t_page;
-
-       t_page = null_lookup_page(nullb, sector, true, ignore_cache);
-       if (t_page)
-               return t_page;
-
-       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-
-       t_page = null_alloc_page(GFP_NOIO);
-       if (!t_page)
-               goto out_lock;
-
-       if (radix_tree_preload(GFP_NOIO))
-               goto out_freepage;
-
-       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-       idx = sector >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
-       t_page->page->index = idx;
-       t_page = null_radix_tree_insert(nullb, idx, t_page, !ignore_cache);
-       radix_tree_preload_end();
-
-       return t_page;
-out_freepage:
-       null_free_page(t_page);
-out_lock:
-       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-       return null_lookup_page(nullb, sector, true, ignore_cache);
-}
-
-static int null_flush_cache_page(struct nullb *nullb, struct nullb_page *c_page)
-{
-       int i;
-       unsigned int offset;
-       u64 idx;
-       struct nullb_page *t_page, *ret;
-       void *dst, *src;
-
-       idx = c_page->page->index;
-
-       t_page = null_insert_page(nullb, idx << PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT, true);
-
-       __clear_bit(NULLB_PAGE_LOCK, c_page->bitmap);
-       if (test_bit(NULLB_PAGE_FREE, c_page->bitmap)) {
-               null_free_page(c_page);
-               if (t_page && null_page_empty(t_page)) {
-                       ret = radix_tree_delete_item(&nullb->dev->data,
-                               idx, t_page);
-                       null_free_page(t_page);
-               }
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       if (!t_page)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       src = kmap_atomic(c_page->page);
-       dst = kmap_atomic(t_page->page);
-
-       for (i = 0; i < PAGE_SECTORS;
-                       i += (nullb->dev->blocksize >> SECTOR_SHIFT)) {
-               if (test_bit(i, c_page->bitmap)) {
-                       offset = (i << SECTOR_SHIFT);
-                       memcpy(dst + offset, src + offset,
-                               nullb->dev->blocksize);
-                       __set_bit(i, t_page->bitmap);
-               }
-       }
-
-       kunmap_atomic(dst);
-       kunmap_atomic(src);
-
-       ret = radix_tree_delete_item(&nullb->dev->cache, idx, c_page);
-       null_free_page(ret);
-       nullb->dev->curr_cache -= PAGE_SIZE;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int null_make_cache_space(struct nullb *nullb, unsigned long n)
-{
-       int i, err, nr_pages;
-       struct nullb_page *c_pages[FREE_BATCH];
-       unsigned long flushed = 0, one_round;
-
-again:
-       if ((nullb->dev->cache_size * 1024 * 1024) >
-            nullb->dev->curr_cache + n || nullb->dev->curr_cache == 0)
-               return 0;
-
-       nr_pages = radix_tree_gang_lookup(&nullb->dev->cache,
-                       (void **)c_pages, nullb->cache_flush_pos, FREE_BATCH);
-       /*
-        * nullb_flush_cache_page could unlock before using the c_pages. To
-        * avoid race, we don't allow page free
-        */
-       for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
-               nullb->cache_flush_pos = c_pages[i]->page->index;
-               /*
-                * We found the page which is being flushed to disk by other
-                * threads
-                */
-               if (test_bit(NULLB_PAGE_LOCK, c_pages[i]->bitmap))
-                       c_pages[i] = NULL;
-               else
-                       __set_bit(NULLB_PAGE_LOCK, c_pages[i]->bitmap);
-       }
-
-       one_round = 0;
-       for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
-               if (c_pages[i] == NULL)
-                       continue;
-               err = null_flush_cache_page(nullb, c_pages[i]);
-               if (err)
-                       return err;
-               one_round++;
-       }
-       flushed += one_round << PAGE_SHIFT;
-
-       if (n > flushed) {
-               if (nr_pages == 0)
-                       nullb->cache_flush_pos = 0;
-               if (one_round == 0) {
-                       /* give other threads a chance */
-                       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-                       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-               }
-               goto again;
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int copy_to_nullb(struct nullb *nullb, struct page *source,
-       unsigned int off, sector_t sector, size_t n, bool is_fua)
-{
-       size_t temp, count = 0;
-       unsigned int offset;
-       struct nullb_page *t_page;
-       void *dst, *src;
-
-       while (count < n) {
-               temp = min_t(size_t, nullb->dev->blocksize, n - count);
-
-               if (null_cache_active(nullb) && !is_fua)
-                       null_make_cache_space(nullb, PAGE_SIZE);
-
-               offset = (sector & SECTOR_MASK) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
-               t_page = null_insert_page(nullb, sector,
-                       !null_cache_active(nullb) || is_fua);
-               if (!t_page)
-                       return -ENOSPC;
-
-               src = kmap_atomic(source);
-               dst = kmap_atomic(t_page->page);
-               memcpy(dst + offset, src + off + count, temp);
-               kunmap_atomic(dst);
-               kunmap_atomic(src);
-
-               __set_bit(sector & SECTOR_MASK, t_page->bitmap);
-
-               if (is_fua)
-                       null_free_sector(nullb, sector, true);
-
-               count += temp;
-               sector += temp >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int copy_from_nullb(struct nullb *nullb, struct page *dest,
-       unsigned int off, sector_t sector, size_t n)
-{
-       size_t temp, count = 0;
-       unsigned int offset;
-       struct nullb_page *t_page;
-       void *dst, *src;
-
-       while (count < n) {
-               temp = min_t(size_t, nullb->dev->blocksize, n - count);
-
-               offset = (sector & SECTOR_MASK) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
-               t_page = null_lookup_page(nullb, sector, false,
-                       !null_cache_active(nullb));
-
-               dst = kmap_atomic(dest);
-               if (!t_page) {
-                       memset(dst + off + count, 0, temp);
-                       goto next;
-               }
-               src = kmap_atomic(t_page->page);
-               memcpy(dst + off + count, src + offset, temp);
-               kunmap_atomic(src);
-next:
-               kunmap_atomic(dst);
-
-               count += temp;
-               sector += temp >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static void null_handle_discard(struct nullb *nullb, sector_t sector, size_t n)
-{
-       size_t temp;
-
-       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-       while (n > 0) {
-               temp = min_t(size_t, n, nullb->dev->blocksize);
-               null_free_sector(nullb, sector, false);
-               if (null_cache_active(nullb))
-                       null_free_sector(nullb, sector, true);
-               sector += temp >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
-               n -= temp;
-       }
-       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-}
-
-static int null_handle_flush(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       int err;
-
-       if (!null_cache_active(nullb))
-               return 0;
-
-       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-       while (true) {
-               err = null_make_cache_space(nullb,
-                       nullb->dev->cache_size * 1024 * 1024);
-               if (err || nullb->dev->curr_cache == 0)
-                       break;
-       }
-
-       WARN_ON(!radix_tree_empty(&nullb->dev->cache));
-       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-       return err;
-}
-
-static int null_transfer(struct nullb *nullb, struct page *page,
-       unsigned int len, unsigned int off, bool is_write, sector_t sector,
-       bool is_fua)
-{
-       int err = 0;
-
-       if (!is_write) {
-               err = copy_from_nullb(nullb, page, off, sector, len);
-               flush_dcache_page(page);
-       } else {
-               flush_dcache_page(page);
-               err = copy_to_nullb(nullb, page, off, sector, len, is_fua);
-       }
-
-       return err;
-}
-
-static int null_handle_rq(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
-{
-       struct request *rq = cmd->rq;
-       struct nullb *nullb = cmd->nq->dev->nullb;
-       int err;
-       unsigned int len;
-       sector_t sector;
-       struct req_iterator iter;
-       struct bio_vec bvec;
-
-       sector = blk_rq_pos(rq);
-
-       if (req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_DISCARD) {
-               null_handle_discard(nullb, sector, blk_rq_bytes(rq));
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-       rq_for_each_segment(bvec, rq, iter) {
-               len = bvec.bv_len;
-               err = null_transfer(nullb, bvec.bv_page, len, bvec.bv_offset,
-                                    op_is_write(req_op(rq)), sector,
-                                    req_op(rq) & REQ_FUA);
-               if (err) {
-                       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-                       return err;
-               }
-               sector += len >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
-       }
-       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int null_handle_bio(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
-{
-       struct bio *bio = cmd->bio;
-       struct nullb *nullb = cmd->nq->dev->nullb;
-       int err;
-       unsigned int len;
-       sector_t sector;
-       struct bio_vec bvec;
-       struct bvec_iter iter;
-
-       sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
-
-       if (bio_op(bio) == REQ_OP_DISCARD) {
-               null_handle_discard(nullb, sector,
-                       bio_sectors(bio) << SECTOR_SHIFT);
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-       bio_for_each_segment(bvec, bio, iter) {
-               len = bvec.bv_len;
-               err = null_transfer(nullb, bvec.bv_page, len, bvec.bv_offset,
-                                    op_is_write(bio_op(bio)), sector,
-                                    bio_op(bio) & REQ_FUA);
-               if (err) {
-                       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-                       return err;
-               }
-               sector += len >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
-       }
-       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static void null_stop_queue(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       struct request_queue *q = nullb->q;
-
-       if (nullb->dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ)
-               blk_mq_stop_hw_queues(q);
-       else {
-               spin_lock_irq(q->queue_lock);
-               blk_stop_queue(q);
-               spin_unlock_irq(q->queue_lock);
-       }
-}
-
-static void null_restart_queue_async(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       struct request_queue *q = nullb->q;
-       unsigned long flags;
-
-       if (nullb->dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ)
-               blk_mq_start_stopped_hw_queues(q, true);
-       else {
-               spin_lock_irqsave(q->queue_lock, flags);
-               blk_start_queue_async(q);
-               spin_unlock_irqrestore(q->queue_lock, flags);
-       }
-}
-
-static blk_status_t null_handle_cmd(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
-{
-       struct nullb_device *dev = cmd->nq->dev;
-       struct nullb *nullb = dev->nullb;
-       int err = 0;
-
-       if (req_op(cmd->rq) == REQ_OP_ZONE_REPORT) {
-               cmd->error = null_zone_report(nullb, cmd);
-               goto out;
-       }
-
-       if (test_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_THROTTLED, &dev->flags)) {
-               struct request *rq = cmd->rq;
-
-               if (!hrtimer_active(&nullb->bw_timer))
-                       hrtimer_restart(&nullb->bw_timer);
-
-               if (atomic_long_sub_return(blk_rq_bytes(rq),
-                               &nullb->cur_bytes) < 0) {
-                       null_stop_queue(nullb);
-                       /* race with timer */
-                       if (atomic_long_read(&nullb->cur_bytes) > 0)
-                               null_restart_queue_async(nullb);
-                       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_RQ) {
-                               struct request_queue *q = nullb->q;
-
-                               spin_lock_irq(q->queue_lock);
-                               rq->rq_flags |= RQF_DONTPREP;
-                               blk_requeue_request(q, rq);
-                               spin_unlock_irq(q->queue_lock);
-                               return BLK_STS_OK;
-                       } else
-                               /* requeue request */
-                               return BLK_STS_DEV_RESOURCE;
-               }
-       }
-
-       if (nullb->dev->badblocks.shift != -1) {
-               int bad_sectors;
-               sector_t sector, size, first_bad;
-               bool is_flush = true;
-
-               if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_BIO &&
-                               bio_op(cmd->bio) != REQ_OP_FLUSH) {
-                       is_flush = false;
-                       sector = cmd->bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
-                       size = bio_sectors(cmd->bio);
-               }
-               if (dev->queue_mode != NULL_Q_BIO &&
-                               req_op(cmd->rq) != REQ_OP_FLUSH) {
-                       is_flush = false;
-                       sector = blk_rq_pos(cmd->rq);
-                       size = blk_rq_sectors(cmd->rq);
-               }
-               if (!is_flush && badblocks_check(&nullb->dev->badblocks, sector,
-                               size, &first_bad, &bad_sectors)) {
-                       cmd->error = BLK_STS_IOERR;
-                       goto out;
-               }
-       }
-
-       if (dev->memory_backed) {
-               if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_BIO) {
-                       if (bio_op(cmd->bio) == REQ_OP_FLUSH)
-                               err = null_handle_flush(nullb);
-                       else
-                               err = null_handle_bio(cmd);
-               } else {
-                       if (req_op(cmd->rq) == REQ_OP_FLUSH)
-                               err = null_handle_flush(nullb);
-                       else
-                               err = null_handle_rq(cmd);
-               }
-       }
-       cmd->error = errno_to_blk_status(err);
-
-       if (!cmd->error && dev->zoned) {
-               if (req_op(cmd->rq) == REQ_OP_WRITE)
-                       null_zone_write(cmd);
-               else if (req_op(cmd->rq) == REQ_OP_ZONE_RESET)
-                       null_zone_reset(cmd);
-       }
-out:
-       /* Complete IO by inline, softirq or timer */
-       switch (dev->irqmode) {
-       case NULL_IRQ_SOFTIRQ:
-               switch (dev->queue_mode)  {
-               case NULL_Q_MQ:
-                       blk_mq_complete_request(cmd->rq);
-                       break;
-               case NULL_Q_RQ:
-                       blk_complete_request(cmd->rq);
-                       break;
-               case NULL_Q_BIO:
-                       /*
-                        * XXX: no proper submitting cpu information available.
-                        */
-                       end_cmd(cmd);
-                       break;
-               }
-               break;
-       case NULL_IRQ_NONE:
-               end_cmd(cmd);
-               break;
-       case NULL_IRQ_TIMER:
-               null_cmd_end_timer(cmd);
-               break;
-       }
-       return BLK_STS_OK;
-}
-
-static enum hrtimer_restart nullb_bwtimer_fn(struct hrtimer *timer)
-{
-       struct nullb *nullb = container_of(timer, struct nullb, bw_timer);
-       ktime_t timer_interval = ktime_set(0, TIMER_INTERVAL);
-       unsigned int mbps = nullb->dev->mbps;
-
-       if (atomic_long_read(&nullb->cur_bytes) == mb_per_tick(mbps))
-               return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
-
-       atomic_long_set(&nullb->cur_bytes, mb_per_tick(mbps));
-       null_restart_queue_async(nullb);
-
-       hrtimer_forward_now(&nullb->bw_timer, timer_interval);
-
-       return HRTIMER_RESTART;
-}
-
-static void nullb_setup_bwtimer(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       ktime_t timer_interval = ktime_set(0, TIMER_INTERVAL);
-
-       hrtimer_init(&nullb->bw_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
-       nullb->bw_timer.function = nullb_bwtimer_fn;
-       atomic_long_set(&nullb->cur_bytes, mb_per_tick(nullb->dev->mbps));
-       hrtimer_start(&nullb->bw_timer, timer_interval, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
-}
-
-static struct nullb_queue *nullb_to_queue(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       int index = 0;
-
-       if (nullb->nr_queues != 1)
-               index = raw_smp_processor_id() / ((nr_cpu_ids + nullb->nr_queues - 1) / nullb->nr_queues);
-
-       return &nullb->queues[index];
-}
-
-static blk_qc_t null_queue_bio(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio)
-{
-       struct nullb *nullb = q->queuedata;
-       struct nullb_queue *nq = nullb_to_queue(nullb);
-       struct nullb_cmd *cmd;
-
-       cmd = alloc_cmd(nq, 1);
-       cmd->bio = bio;
-
-       null_handle_cmd(cmd);
-       return BLK_QC_T_NONE;
-}
-
-static enum blk_eh_timer_return null_rq_timed_out_fn(struct request *rq)
-{
-       pr_info("null: rq %p timed out\n", rq);
-       __blk_complete_request(rq);
-       return BLK_EH_DONE;
-}
-
-static int null_rq_prep_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req)
-{
-       struct nullb *nullb = q->queuedata;
-       struct nullb_queue *nq = nullb_to_queue(nullb);
-       struct nullb_cmd *cmd;
-
-       cmd = alloc_cmd(nq, 0);
-       if (cmd) {
-               cmd->rq = req;
-               req->special = cmd;
-               return BLKPREP_OK;
-       }
-       blk_stop_queue(q);
-
-       return BLKPREP_DEFER;
-}
-
-static bool should_timeout_request(struct request *rq)
-{
-#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
-       if (g_timeout_str[0])
-               return should_fail(&null_timeout_attr, 1);
-#endif
-       return false;
-}
-
-static bool should_requeue_request(struct request *rq)
-{
-#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
-       if (g_requeue_str[0])
-               return should_fail(&null_requeue_attr, 1);
-#endif
-       return false;
-}
-
-static void null_request_fn(struct request_queue *q)
-{
-       struct request *rq;
-
-       while ((rq = blk_fetch_request(q)) != NULL) {
-               struct nullb_cmd *cmd = rq->special;
-
-               /* just ignore the request */
-               if (should_timeout_request(rq))
-                       continue;
-               if (should_requeue_request(rq)) {
-                       blk_requeue_request(q, rq);
-                       continue;
-               }
-
-               spin_unlock_irq(q->queue_lock);
-               null_handle_cmd(cmd);
-               spin_lock_irq(q->queue_lock);
-       }
-}
-
-static enum blk_eh_timer_return null_timeout_rq(struct request *rq, bool res)
-{
-       pr_info("null: rq %p timed out\n", rq);
-       blk_mq_complete_request(rq);
-       return BLK_EH_DONE;
-}
-
-static blk_status_t null_queue_rq(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx,
-                        const struct blk_mq_queue_data *bd)
-{
-       struct nullb_cmd *cmd = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(bd->rq);
-       struct nullb_queue *nq = hctx->driver_data;
-
-       might_sleep_if(hctx->flags & BLK_MQ_F_BLOCKING);
-
-       if (nq->dev->irqmode == NULL_IRQ_TIMER) {
-               hrtimer_init(&cmd->timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
-               cmd->timer.function = null_cmd_timer_expired;
-       }
-       cmd->rq = bd->rq;
-       cmd->nq = nq;
-
-       blk_mq_start_request(bd->rq);
-
-       if (should_requeue_request(bd->rq)) {
-               /*
-                * Alternate between hitting the core BUSY path, and the
-                * driver driven requeue path
-                */
-               nq->requeue_selection++;
-               if (nq->requeue_selection & 1)
-                       return BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
-               else {
-                       blk_mq_requeue_request(bd->rq, true);
-                       return BLK_STS_OK;
-               }
-       }
-       if (should_timeout_request(bd->rq))
-               return BLK_STS_OK;
-
-       return null_handle_cmd(cmd);
-}
-
-static const struct blk_mq_ops null_mq_ops = {
-       .queue_rq       = null_queue_rq,
-       .complete       = null_softirq_done_fn,
-       .timeout        = null_timeout_rq,
-};
-
-static void cleanup_queue(struct nullb_queue *nq)
-{
-       kfree(nq->tag_map);
-       kfree(nq->cmds);
-}
-
-static void cleanup_queues(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       int i;
-
-       for (i = 0; i < nullb->nr_queues; i++)
-               cleanup_queue(&nullb->queues[i]);
-
-       kfree(nullb->queues);
-}
-
-static void null_del_dev(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       struct nullb_device *dev = nullb->dev;
-
-       ida_simple_remove(&nullb_indexes, nullb->index);
-
-       list_del_init(&nullb->list);
-
-       del_gendisk(nullb->disk);
-
-       if (test_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_THROTTLED, &nullb->dev->flags)) {
-               hrtimer_cancel(&nullb->bw_timer);
-               atomic_long_set(&nullb->cur_bytes, LONG_MAX);
-               null_restart_queue_async(nullb);
-       }
-
-       blk_cleanup_queue(nullb->q);
-       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ &&
-           nullb->tag_set == &nullb->__tag_set)
-               blk_mq_free_tag_set(nullb->tag_set);
-       put_disk(nullb->disk);
-       cleanup_queues(nullb);
-       if (null_cache_active(nullb))
-               null_free_device_storage(nullb->dev, true);
-       kfree(nullb);
-       dev->nullb = NULL;
-}
-
-static void null_config_discard(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       if (nullb->dev->discard == false)
-               return;
-       nullb->q->limits.discard_granularity = nullb->dev->blocksize;
-       nullb->q->limits.discard_alignment = nullb->dev->blocksize;
-       blk_queue_max_discard_sectors(nullb->q, UINT_MAX >> 9);
-       blk_queue_flag_set(QUEUE_FLAG_DISCARD, nullb->q);
-}
-
-static int null_open(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode)
-{
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static void null_release(struct gendisk *disk, fmode_t mode)
-{
-}
-
-static const struct block_device_operations null_fops = {
-       .owner =        THIS_MODULE,
-       .open =         null_open,
-       .release =      null_release,
-};
-
-static void null_init_queue(struct nullb *nullb, struct nullb_queue *nq)
-{
-       BUG_ON(!nullb);
-       BUG_ON(!nq);
-
-       init_waitqueue_head(&nq->wait);
-       nq->queue_depth = nullb->queue_depth;
-       nq->dev = nullb->dev;
-}
-
-static void null_init_queues(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       struct request_queue *q = nullb->q;
-       struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx;
-       struct nullb_queue *nq;
-       int i;
-
-       queue_for_each_hw_ctx(q, hctx, i) {
-               if (!hctx->nr_ctx || !hctx->tags)
-                       continue;
-               nq = &nullb->queues[i];
-               hctx->driver_data = nq;
-               null_init_queue(nullb, nq);
-               nullb->nr_queues++;
-       }
-}
-
-static int setup_commands(struct nullb_queue *nq)
-{
-       struct nullb_cmd *cmd;
-       int i, tag_size;
-
-       nq->cmds = kcalloc(nq->queue_depth, sizeof(*cmd), GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!nq->cmds)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       tag_size = ALIGN(nq->queue_depth, BITS_PER_LONG) / BITS_PER_LONG;
-       nq->tag_map = kcalloc(tag_size, sizeof(unsigned long), GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!nq->tag_map) {
-               kfree(nq->cmds);
-               return -ENOMEM;
-       }
-
-       for (i = 0; i < nq->queue_depth; i++) {
-               cmd = &nq->cmds[i];
-               INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cmd->list);
-               cmd->ll_list.next = NULL;
-               cmd->tag = -1U;
-       }
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int setup_queues(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       nullb->queues = kcalloc(nullb->dev->submit_queues,
-                               sizeof(struct nullb_queue),
-                               GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!nullb->queues)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       nullb->nr_queues = 0;
-       nullb->queue_depth = nullb->dev->hw_queue_depth;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int init_driver_queues(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       struct nullb_queue *nq;
-       int i, ret = 0;
-
-       for (i = 0; i < nullb->dev->submit_queues; i++) {
-               nq = &nullb->queues[i];
-
-               null_init_queue(nullb, nq);
-
-               ret = setup_commands(nq);
-               if (ret)
-                       return ret;
-               nullb->nr_queues++;
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int null_gendisk_register(struct nullb *nullb)
-{
-       struct gendisk *disk;
-       sector_t size;
-
-       disk = nullb->disk = alloc_disk_node(1, nullb->dev->home_node);
-       if (!disk)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-       size = (sector_t)nullb->dev->size * 1024 * 1024ULL;
-       set_capacity(disk, size >> 9);
-
-       disk->flags |= GENHD_FL_EXT_DEVT | GENHD_FL_SUPPRESS_PARTITION_INFO;
-       disk->major             = null_major;
-       disk->first_minor       = nullb->index;
-       disk->fops              = &null_fops;
-       disk->private_data      = nullb;
-       disk->queue             = nullb->q;
-       strncpy(disk->disk_name, nullb->disk_name, DISK_NAME_LEN);
-
-       add_disk(disk);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int null_init_tag_set(struct nullb *nullb, struct blk_mq_tag_set *set)
-{
-       set->ops = &null_mq_ops;
-       set->nr_hw_queues = nullb ? nullb->dev->submit_queues :
-                                               g_submit_queues;
-       set->queue_depth = nullb ? nullb->dev->hw_queue_depth :
-                                               g_hw_queue_depth;
-       set->numa_node = nullb ? nullb->dev->home_node : g_home_node;
-       set->cmd_size   = sizeof(struct nullb_cmd);
-       set->flags = BLK_MQ_F_SHOULD_MERGE;
-       if (g_no_sched)
-               set->flags |= BLK_MQ_F_NO_SCHED;
-       set->driver_data = NULL;
-
-       if ((nullb && nullb->dev->blocking) || g_blocking)
-               set->flags |= BLK_MQ_F_BLOCKING;
-
-       return blk_mq_alloc_tag_set(set);
-}
-
-static void null_validate_conf(struct nullb_device *dev)
-{
-       dev->blocksize = round_down(dev->blocksize, 512);
-       dev->blocksize = clamp_t(unsigned int, dev->blocksize, 512, 4096);
-
-       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && dev->use_per_node_hctx) {
-               if (dev->submit_queues != nr_online_nodes)
-                       dev->submit_queues = nr_online_nodes;
-       } else if (dev->submit_queues > nr_cpu_ids)
-               dev->submit_queues = nr_cpu_ids;
-       else if (dev->submit_queues == 0)
-               dev->submit_queues = 1;
-
-       dev->queue_mode = min_t(unsigned int, dev->queue_mode, NULL_Q_MQ);
-       dev->irqmode = min_t(unsigned int, dev->irqmode, NULL_IRQ_TIMER);
-
-       /* Do memory allocation, so set blocking */
-       if (dev->memory_backed)
-               dev->blocking = true;
-       else /* cache is meaningless */
-               dev->cache_size = 0;
-       dev->cache_size = min_t(unsigned long, ULONG_MAX / 1024 / 1024,
-                                               dev->cache_size);
-       dev->mbps = min_t(unsigned int, 1024 * 40, dev->mbps);
-       /* can not stop a queue */
-       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_BIO)
-               dev->mbps = 0;
-}
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
-static bool __null_setup_fault(struct fault_attr *attr, char *str)
-{
-       if (!str[0])
-               return true;
-
-       if (!setup_fault_attr(attr, str))
-               return false;
-
-       attr->verbose = 0;
-       return true;
-}
-#endif
-
-static bool null_setup_fault(void)
-{
-#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
-       if (!__null_setup_fault(&null_timeout_attr, g_timeout_str))
-               return false;
-       if (!__null_setup_fault(&null_requeue_attr, g_requeue_str))
-               return false;
-#endif
-       return true;
-}
-
-static int null_add_dev(struct nullb_device *dev)
-{
-       struct nullb *nullb;
-       int rv;
-
-       null_validate_conf(dev);
-
-       nullb = kzalloc_node(sizeof(*nullb), GFP_KERNEL, dev->home_node);
-       if (!nullb) {
-               rv = -ENOMEM;
-               goto out;
-       }
-       nullb->dev = dev;
-       dev->nullb = nullb;
-
-       spin_lock_init(&nullb->lock);
-
-       rv = setup_queues(nullb);
-       if (rv)
-               goto out_free_nullb;
-
-       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ) {
-               if (shared_tags) {
-                       nullb->tag_set = &tag_set;
-                       rv = 0;
-               } else {
-                       nullb->tag_set = &nullb->__tag_set;
-                       rv = null_init_tag_set(nullb, nullb->tag_set);
-               }
-
-               if (rv)
-                       goto out_cleanup_queues;
-
-               if (!null_setup_fault())
-                       goto out_cleanup_queues;
-
-               nullb->tag_set->timeout = 5 * HZ;
-               nullb->q = blk_mq_init_queue(nullb->tag_set);
-               if (IS_ERR(nullb->q)) {
-                       rv = -ENOMEM;
-                       goto out_cleanup_tags;
-               }
-               null_init_queues(nullb);
-       } else if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_BIO) {
-               nullb->q = blk_alloc_queue_node(GFP_KERNEL, dev->home_node,
-                                               NULL);
-               if (!nullb->q) {
-                       rv = -ENOMEM;
-                       goto out_cleanup_queues;
-               }
-               blk_queue_make_request(nullb->q, null_queue_bio);
-               rv = init_driver_queues(nullb);
-               if (rv)
-                       goto out_cleanup_blk_queue;
-       } else {
-               nullb->q = blk_init_queue_node(null_request_fn, &nullb->lock,
-                                               dev->home_node);
-               if (!nullb->q) {
-                       rv = -ENOMEM;
-                       goto out_cleanup_queues;
-               }
-
-               if (!null_setup_fault())
-                       goto out_cleanup_blk_queue;
-
-               blk_queue_prep_rq(nullb->q, null_rq_prep_fn);
-               blk_queue_softirq_done(nullb->q, null_softirq_done_fn);
-               blk_queue_rq_timed_out(nullb->q, null_rq_timed_out_fn);
-               nullb->q->rq_timeout = 5 * HZ;
-               rv = init_driver_queues(nullb);
-               if (rv)
-                       goto out_cleanup_blk_queue;
-       }
-
-       if (dev->mbps) {
-               set_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_THROTTLED, &dev->flags);
-               nullb_setup_bwtimer(nullb);
-       }
-
-       if (dev->cache_size > 0) {
-               set_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_CACHE, &nullb->dev->flags);
-               blk_queue_write_cache(nullb->q, true, true);
-               blk_queue_flush_queueable(nullb->q, true);
-       }
-
-       if (dev->zoned) {
-               rv = null_zone_init(dev);
-               if (rv)
-                       goto out_cleanup_blk_queue;
-
-               blk_queue_chunk_sectors(nullb->q, dev->zone_size_sects);
-               nullb->q->limits.zoned = BLK_ZONED_HM;
-       }
-
-       nullb->q->queuedata = nullb;
-       blk_queue_flag_set(QUEUE_FLAG_NONROT, nullb->q);
-       blk_queue_flag_clear(QUEUE_FLAG_ADD_RANDOM, nullb->q);
-
-       mutex_lock(&lock);
-       nullb->index = ida_simple_get(&nullb_indexes, 0, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
-       dev->index = nullb->index;
-       mutex_unlock(&lock);
-
-       blk_queue_logical_block_size(nullb->q, dev->blocksize);
-       blk_queue_physical_block_size(nullb->q, dev->blocksize);
-
-       null_config_discard(nullb);
-
-       sprintf(nullb->disk_name, "nullb%d", nullb->index);
-
-       rv = null_gendisk_register(nullb);
-       if (rv)
-               goto out_cleanup_zone;
-
-       mutex_lock(&lock);
-       list_add_tail(&nullb->list, &nullb_list);
-       mutex_unlock(&lock);
-
-       return 0;
-out_cleanup_zone:
-       if (dev->zoned)
-               null_zone_exit(dev);
-out_cleanup_blk_queue:
-       blk_cleanup_queue(nullb->q);
-out_cleanup_tags:
-       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && nullb->tag_set == &nullb->__tag_set)
-               blk_mq_free_tag_set(nullb->tag_set);
-out_cleanup_queues:
-       cleanup_queues(nullb);
-out_free_nullb:
-       kfree(nullb);
-out:
-       return rv;
-}
-
-static int __init null_init(void)
-{
-       int ret = 0;
-       unsigned int i;
-       struct nullb *nullb;
-       struct nullb_device *dev;
-
-       if (g_bs > PAGE_SIZE) {
-               pr_warn("null_blk: invalid block size\n");
-               pr_warn("null_blk: defaults block size to %lu\n", PAGE_SIZE);
-               g_bs = PAGE_SIZE;
-       }
-
-       if (!is_power_of_2(g_zone_size)) {
-               pr_err("null_blk: zone_size must be power-of-two\n");
-               return -EINVAL;
-       }
-
-       if (g_queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && g_use_per_node_hctx) {
-               if (g_submit_queues != nr_online_nodes) {
-                       pr_warn("null_blk: submit_queues param is set to %u.\n",
-                                                       nr_online_nodes);
-                       g_submit_queues = nr_online_nodes;
-               }
-       } else if (g_submit_queues > nr_cpu_ids)
-               g_submit_queues = nr_cpu_ids;
-       else if (g_submit_queues <= 0)
-               g_submit_queues = 1;
-
-       if (g_queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && shared_tags) {
-               ret = null_init_tag_set(NULL, &tag_set);
-               if (ret)
-                       return ret;
-       }
-
-       config_group_init(&nullb_subsys.su_group);
-       mutex_init(&nullb_subsys.su_mutex);
-
-       ret = configfs_register_subsystem(&nullb_subsys);
-       if (ret)
-               goto err_tagset;
-
-       mutex_init(&lock);
-
-       null_major = register_blkdev(0, "nullb");
-       if (null_major < 0) {
-               ret = null_major;
-               goto err_conf;
-       }
-
-       for (i = 0; i < nr_devices; i++) {
-               dev = null_alloc_dev();
-               if (!dev) {
-                       ret = -ENOMEM;
-                       goto err_dev;
-               }
-               ret = null_add_dev(dev);
-               if (ret) {
-                       null_free_dev(dev);
-                       goto err_dev;
-               }
-       }
-
-       pr_info("null: module loaded\n");
-       return 0;
-
-err_dev:
-       while (!list_empty(&nullb_list)) {
-               nullb = list_entry(nullb_list.next, struct nullb, list);
-               dev = nullb->dev;
-               null_del_dev(nullb);
-               null_free_dev(dev);
-       }
-       unregister_blkdev(null_major, "nullb");
-err_conf:
-       configfs_unregister_subsystem(&nullb_subsys);
-err_tagset:
-       if (g_queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && shared_tags)
-               blk_mq_free_tag_set(&tag_set);
-       return ret;
-}
-
-static void __exit null_exit(void)
-{
-       struct nullb *nullb;
-
-       configfs_unregister_subsystem(&nullb_subsys);
-
-       unregister_blkdev(null_major, "nullb");
-
-       mutex_lock(&lock);
-       while (!list_empty(&nullb_list)) {
-               struct nullb_device *dev;
-
-               nullb = list_entry(nullb_list.next, struct nullb, list);
-               dev = nullb->dev;
-               null_del_dev(nullb);
-               null_free_dev(dev);
-       }
-       mutex_unlock(&lock);
-
-       if (g_queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && shared_tags)
-               blk_mq_free_tag_set(&tag_set);
-}
-
-module_init(null_init);
-module_exit(null_exit);
-
-MODULE_AUTHOR("Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>");
-MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
diff --git a/drivers/block/null_blk_main.c b/drivers/block/null_blk_main.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..86cafa6
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,1926 @@
+/*
+ * Add configfs and memory store: Kyungchan Koh <kkc6196@fb.com> and
+ * Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
+ */
+#include <linux/module.h>
+
+#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include "null_blk.h"
+
+#define PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT     (PAGE_SHIFT - SECTOR_SHIFT)
+#define PAGE_SECTORS           (1 << PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT)
+#define SECTOR_MASK            (PAGE_SECTORS - 1)
+
+#define FREE_BATCH             16
+
+#define TICKS_PER_SEC          50ULL
+#define TIMER_INTERVAL         (NSEC_PER_SEC / TICKS_PER_SEC)
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
+static DECLARE_FAULT_ATTR(null_timeout_attr);
+static DECLARE_FAULT_ATTR(null_requeue_attr);
+#endif
+
+static inline u64 mb_per_tick(int mbps)
+{
+       return (1 << 20) / TICKS_PER_SEC * ((u64) mbps);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Status flags for nullb_device.
+ *
+ * CONFIGURED: Device has been configured and turned on. Cannot reconfigure.
+ * UP:         Device is currently on and visible in userspace.
+ * THROTTLED:  Device is being throttled.
+ * CACHE:      Device is using a write-back cache.
+ */
+enum nullb_device_flags {
+       NULLB_DEV_FL_CONFIGURED = 0,
+       NULLB_DEV_FL_UP         = 1,
+       NULLB_DEV_FL_THROTTLED  = 2,
+       NULLB_DEV_FL_CACHE      = 3,
+};
+
+#define MAP_SZ         ((PAGE_SIZE >> SECTOR_SHIFT) + 2)
+/*
+ * nullb_page is a page in memory for nullb devices.
+ *
+ * @page:      The page holding the data.
+ * @bitmap:    The bitmap represents which sector in the page has data.
+ *             Each bit represents one block size. For example, sector 8
+ *             will use the 7th bit
+ * The highest 2 bits of bitmap are for special purpose. LOCK means the cache
+ * page is being flushing to storage. FREE means the cache page is freed and
+ * should be skipped from flushing to storage. Please see
+ * null_make_cache_space
+ */
+struct nullb_page {
+       struct page *page;
+       DECLARE_BITMAP(bitmap, MAP_SZ);
+};
+#define NULLB_PAGE_LOCK (MAP_SZ - 1)
+#define NULLB_PAGE_FREE (MAP_SZ - 2)
+
+static LIST_HEAD(nullb_list);
+static struct mutex lock;
+static int null_major;
+static DEFINE_IDA(nullb_indexes);
+static struct blk_mq_tag_set tag_set;
+
+enum {
+       NULL_IRQ_NONE           = 0,
+       NULL_IRQ_SOFTIRQ        = 1,
+       NULL_IRQ_TIMER          = 2,
+};
+
+enum {
+       NULL_Q_BIO              = 0,
+       NULL_Q_RQ               = 1,
+       NULL_Q_MQ               = 2,
+};
+
+static int g_no_sched;
+module_param_named(no_sched, g_no_sched, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(no_sched, "No io scheduler");
+
+static int g_submit_queues = 1;
+module_param_named(submit_queues, g_submit_queues, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(submit_queues, "Number of submission queues");
+
+static int g_home_node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
+module_param_named(home_node, g_home_node, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(home_node, "Home node for the device");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
+static char g_timeout_str[80];
+module_param_string(timeout, g_timeout_str, sizeof(g_timeout_str), 0444);
+
+static char g_requeue_str[80];
+module_param_string(requeue, g_requeue_str, sizeof(g_requeue_str), 0444);
+#endif
+
+static int g_queue_mode = NULL_Q_MQ;
+
+static int null_param_store_val(const char *str, int *val, int min, int max)
+{
+       int ret, new_val;
+
+       ret = kstrtoint(str, 10, &new_val);
+       if (ret)
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       if (new_val < min || new_val > max)
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       *val = new_val;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int null_set_queue_mode(const char *str, const struct kernel_param *kp)
+{
+       return null_param_store_val(str, &g_queue_mode, NULL_Q_BIO, NULL_Q_MQ);
+}
+
+static const struct kernel_param_ops null_queue_mode_param_ops = {
+       .set    = null_set_queue_mode,
+       .get    = param_get_int,
+};
+
+device_param_cb(queue_mode, &null_queue_mode_param_ops, &g_queue_mode, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(queue_mode, "Block interface to use (0=bio,1=rq,2=multiqueue)");
+
+static int g_gb = 250;
+module_param_named(gb, g_gb, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(gb, "Size in GB");
+
+static int g_bs = 512;
+module_param_named(bs, g_bs, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(bs, "Block size (in bytes)");
+
+static int nr_devices = 1;
+module_param(nr_devices, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(nr_devices, "Number of devices to register");
+
+static bool g_blocking;
+module_param_named(blocking, g_blocking, bool, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(blocking, "Register as a blocking blk-mq driver device");
+
+static bool shared_tags;
+module_param(shared_tags, bool, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(shared_tags, "Share tag set between devices for blk-mq");
+
+static int g_irqmode = NULL_IRQ_SOFTIRQ;
+
+static int null_set_irqmode(const char *str, const struct kernel_param *kp)
+{
+       return null_param_store_val(str, &g_irqmode, NULL_IRQ_NONE,
+                                       NULL_IRQ_TIMER);
+}
+
+static const struct kernel_param_ops null_irqmode_param_ops = {
+       .set    = null_set_irqmode,
+       .get    = param_get_int,
+};
+
+device_param_cb(irqmode, &null_irqmode_param_ops, &g_irqmode, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irqmode, "IRQ completion handler. 0-none, 1-softirq, 2-timer");
+
+static unsigned long g_completion_nsec = 10000;
+module_param_named(completion_nsec, g_completion_nsec, ulong, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(completion_nsec, "Time in ns to complete a request in hardware. Default: 10,000ns");
+
+static int g_hw_queue_depth = 64;
+module_param_named(hw_queue_depth, g_hw_queue_depth, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(hw_queue_depth, "Queue depth for each hardware queue. Default: 64");
+
+static bool g_use_per_node_hctx;
+module_param_named(use_per_node_hctx, g_use_per_node_hctx, bool, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_per_node_hctx, "Use per-node allocation for hardware context queues. Default: false");
+
+static bool g_zoned;
+module_param_named(zoned, g_zoned, bool, S_IRUGO);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(zoned, "Make device as a host-managed zoned block device. Default: false");
+
+static unsigned long g_zone_size = 256;
+module_param_named(zone_size, g_zone_size, ulong, S_IRUGO);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(zone_size, "Zone size in MB when block device is zoned. Must be power-of-two: Default: 256");
+
+static struct nullb_device *null_alloc_dev(void);
+static void null_free_dev(struct nullb_device *dev);
+static void null_del_dev(struct nullb *nullb);
+static int null_add_dev(struct nullb_device *dev);
+static void null_free_device_storage(struct nullb_device *dev, bool is_cache);
+
+static inline struct nullb_device *to_nullb_device(struct config_item *item)
+{
+       return item ? container_of(item, struct nullb_device, item) : NULL;
+}
+
+static inline ssize_t nullb_device_uint_attr_show(unsigned int val, char *page)
+{
+       return snprintf(page, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n", val);
+}
+
+static inline ssize_t nullb_device_ulong_attr_show(unsigned long val,
+       char *page)
+{
+       return snprintf(page, PAGE_SIZE, "%lu\n", val);
+}
+
+static inline ssize_t nullb_device_bool_attr_show(bool val, char *page)
+{
+       return snprintf(page, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n", val);
+}
+
+static ssize_t nullb_device_uint_attr_store(unsigned int *val,
+       const char *page, size_t count)
+{
+       unsigned int tmp;
+       int result;
+
+       result = kstrtouint(page, 0, &tmp);
+       if (result)
+               return result;
+
+       *val = tmp;
+       return count;
+}
+
+static ssize_t nullb_device_ulong_attr_store(unsigned long *val,
+       const char *page, size_t count)
+{
+       int result;
+       unsigned long tmp;
+
+       result = kstrtoul(page, 0, &tmp);
+       if (result)
+               return result;
+
+       *val = tmp;
+       return count;
+}
+
+static ssize_t nullb_device_bool_attr_store(bool *val, const char *page,
+       size_t count)
+{
+       bool tmp;
+       int result;
+
+       result = kstrtobool(page,  &tmp);
+       if (result)
+               return result;
+
+       *val = tmp;
+       return count;
+}
+
+/* The following macro should only be used with TYPE = {uint, ulong, bool}. */
+#define NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(NAME, TYPE)                                          \
+static ssize_t                                                                 \
+nullb_device_##NAME##_show(struct config_item *item, char *page)               \
+{                                                                              \
+       return nullb_device_##TYPE##_attr_show(                                 \
+                               to_nullb_device(item)->NAME, page);             \
+}                                                                              \
+static ssize_t                                                                 \
+nullb_device_##NAME##_store(struct config_item *item, const char *page,                \
+                           size_t count)                                       \
+{                                                                              \
+       if (test_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_CONFIGURED, &to_nullb_device(item)->flags))   \
+               return -EBUSY;                                                  \
+       return nullb_device_##TYPE##_attr_store(                                \
+                       &to_nullb_device(item)->NAME, page, count);             \
+}                                                                              \
+CONFIGFS_ATTR(nullb_device_, NAME);
+
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(size, ulong);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(completion_nsec, ulong);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(submit_queues, uint);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(home_node, uint);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(queue_mode, uint);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(blocksize, uint);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(irqmode, uint);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(hw_queue_depth, uint);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(index, uint);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(blocking, bool);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(use_per_node_hctx, bool);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(memory_backed, bool);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(discard, bool);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(mbps, uint);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(cache_size, ulong);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(zoned, bool);
+NULLB_DEVICE_ATTR(zone_size, ulong);
+
+static ssize_t nullb_device_power_show(struct config_item *item, char *page)
+{
+       return nullb_device_bool_attr_show(to_nullb_device(item)->power, page);
+}
+
+static ssize_t nullb_device_power_store(struct config_item *item,
+                                    const char *page, size_t count)
+{
+       struct nullb_device *dev = to_nullb_device(item);
+       bool newp = false;
+       ssize_t ret;
+
+       ret = nullb_device_bool_attr_store(&newp, page, count);
+       if (ret < 0)
+               return ret;
+
+       if (!dev->power && newp) {
+               if (test_and_set_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_UP, &dev->flags))
+                       return count;
+               if (null_add_dev(dev)) {
+                       clear_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_UP, &dev->flags);
+                       return -ENOMEM;
+               }
+
+               set_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_CONFIGURED, &dev->flags);
+               dev->power = newp;
+       } else if (dev->power && !newp) {
+               mutex_lock(&lock);
+               dev->power = newp;
+               null_del_dev(dev->nullb);
+               mutex_unlock(&lock);
+               clear_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_UP, &dev->flags);
+               clear_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_CONFIGURED, &dev->flags);
+       }
+
+       return count;
+}
+
+CONFIGFS_ATTR(nullb_device_, power);
+
+static ssize_t nullb_device_badblocks_show(struct config_item *item, char *page)
+{
+       struct nullb_device *t_dev = to_nullb_device(item);
+
+       return badblocks_show(&t_dev->badblocks, page, 0);
+}
+
+static ssize_t nullb_device_badblocks_store(struct config_item *item,
+                                    const char *page, size_t count)
+{
+       struct nullb_device *t_dev = to_nullb_device(item);
+       char *orig, *buf, *tmp;
+       u64 start, end;
+       int ret;
+
+       orig = kstrndup(page, count, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!orig)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+
+       buf = strstrip(orig);
+
+       ret = -EINVAL;
+       if (buf[0] != '+' && buf[0] != '-')
+               goto out;
+       tmp = strchr(&buf[1], '-');
+       if (!tmp)
+               goto out;
+       *tmp = '\0';
+       ret = kstrtoull(buf + 1, 0, &start);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
+       ret = kstrtoull(tmp + 1, 0, &end);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
+       ret = -EINVAL;
+       if (start > end)
+               goto out;
+       /* enable badblocks */
+       cmpxchg(&t_dev->badblocks.shift, -1, 0);
+       if (buf[0] == '+')
+               ret = badblocks_set(&t_dev->badblocks, start,
+                       end - start + 1, 1);
+       else
+               ret = badblocks_clear(&t_dev->badblocks, start,
+                       end - start + 1);
+       if (ret == 0)
+               ret = count;
+out:
+       kfree(orig);
+       return ret;
+}
+CONFIGFS_ATTR(nullb_device_, badblocks);
+
+static struct configfs_attribute *nullb_device_attrs[] = {
+       &nullb_device_attr_size,
+       &nullb_device_attr_completion_nsec,
+       &nullb_device_attr_submit_queues,
+       &nullb_device_attr_home_node,
+       &nullb_device_attr_queue_mode,
+       &nullb_device_attr_blocksize,
+       &nullb_device_attr_irqmode,
+       &nullb_device_attr_hw_queue_depth,
+       &nullb_device_attr_index,
+       &nullb_device_attr_blocking,
+       &nullb_device_attr_use_per_node_hctx,
+       &nullb_device_attr_power,
+       &nullb_device_attr_memory_backed,
+       &nullb_device_attr_discard,
+       &nullb_device_attr_mbps,
+       &nullb_device_attr_cache_size,
+       &nullb_device_attr_badblocks,
+       &nullb_device_attr_zoned,
+       &nullb_device_attr_zone_size,
+       NULL,
+};
+
+static void nullb_device_release(struct config_item *item)
+{
+       struct nullb_device *dev = to_nullb_device(item);
+
+       null_free_device_storage(dev, false);
+       null_free_dev(dev);
+}
+
+static struct configfs_item_operations nullb_device_ops = {
+       .release        = nullb_device_release,
+};
+
+static const struct config_item_type nullb_device_type = {
+       .ct_item_ops    = &nullb_device_ops,
+       .ct_attrs       = nullb_device_attrs,
+       .ct_owner       = THIS_MODULE,
+};
+
+static struct
+config_item *nullb_group_make_item(struct config_group *group, const char *name)
+{
+       struct nullb_device *dev;
+
+       dev = null_alloc_dev();
+       if (!dev)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+       config_item_init_type_name(&dev->item, name, &nullb_device_type);
+
+       return &dev->item;
+}
+
+static void
+nullb_group_drop_item(struct config_group *group, struct config_item *item)
+{
+       struct nullb_device *dev = to_nullb_device(item);
+
+       if (test_and_clear_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_UP, &dev->flags)) {
+               mutex_lock(&lock);
+               dev->power = false;
+               null_del_dev(dev->nullb);
+               mutex_unlock(&lock);
+       }
+
+       config_item_put(item);
+}
+
+static ssize_t memb_group_features_show(struct config_item *item, char *page)
+{
+       return snprintf(page, PAGE_SIZE, "memory_backed,discard,bandwidth,cache,badblocks,zoned,zone_size\n");
+}
+
+CONFIGFS_ATTR_RO(memb_group_, features);
+
+static struct configfs_attribute *nullb_group_attrs[] = {
+       &memb_group_attr_features,
+       NULL,
+};
+
+static struct configfs_group_operations nullb_group_ops = {
+       .make_item      = nullb_group_make_item,
+       .drop_item      = nullb_group_drop_item,
+};
+
+static const struct config_item_type nullb_group_type = {
+       .ct_group_ops   = &nullb_group_ops,
+       .ct_attrs       = nullb_group_attrs,
+       .ct_owner       = THIS_MODULE,
+};
+
+static struct configfs_subsystem nullb_subsys = {
+       .su_group = {
+               .cg_item = {
+                       .ci_namebuf = "nullb",
+                       .ci_type = &nullb_group_type,
+               },
+       },
+};
+
+static inline int null_cache_active(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       return test_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_CACHE, &nullb->dev->flags);
+}
+
+static struct nullb_device *null_alloc_dev(void)
+{
+       struct nullb_device *dev;
+
+       dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!dev)
+               return NULL;
+       INIT_RADIX_TREE(&dev->data, GFP_ATOMIC);
+       INIT_RADIX_TREE(&dev->cache, GFP_ATOMIC);
+       if (badblocks_init(&dev->badblocks, 0)) {
+               kfree(dev);
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       dev->size = g_gb * 1024;
+       dev->completion_nsec = g_completion_nsec;
+       dev->submit_queues = g_submit_queues;
+       dev->home_node = g_home_node;
+       dev->queue_mode = g_queue_mode;
+       dev->blocksize = g_bs;
+       dev->irqmode = g_irqmode;
+       dev->hw_queue_depth = g_hw_queue_depth;
+       dev->blocking = g_blocking;
+       dev->use_per_node_hctx = g_use_per_node_hctx;
+       dev->zoned = g_zoned;
+       dev->zone_size = g_zone_size;
+       return dev;
+}
+
+static void null_free_dev(struct nullb_device *dev)
+{
+       if (!dev)
+               return;
+
+       null_zone_exit(dev);
+       badblocks_exit(&dev->badblocks);
+       kfree(dev);
+}
+
+static void put_tag(struct nullb_queue *nq, unsigned int tag)
+{
+       clear_bit_unlock(tag, nq->tag_map);
+
+       if (waitqueue_active(&nq->wait))
+               wake_up(&nq->wait);
+}
+
+static unsigned int get_tag(struct nullb_queue *nq)
+{
+       unsigned int tag;
+
+       do {
+               tag = find_first_zero_bit(nq->tag_map, nq->queue_depth);
+               if (tag >= nq->queue_depth)
+                       return -1U;
+       } while (test_and_set_bit_lock(tag, nq->tag_map));
+
+       return tag;
+}
+
+static void free_cmd(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
+{
+       put_tag(cmd->nq, cmd->tag);
+}
+
+static enum hrtimer_restart null_cmd_timer_expired(struct hrtimer *timer);
+
+static struct nullb_cmd *__alloc_cmd(struct nullb_queue *nq)
+{
+       struct nullb_cmd *cmd;
+       unsigned int tag;
+
+       tag = get_tag(nq);
+       if (tag != -1U) {
+               cmd = &nq->cmds[tag];
+               cmd->tag = tag;
+               cmd->nq = nq;
+               if (nq->dev->irqmode == NULL_IRQ_TIMER) {
+                       hrtimer_init(&cmd->timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
+                                    HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
+                       cmd->timer.function = null_cmd_timer_expired;
+               }
+               return cmd;
+       }
+
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct nullb_cmd *alloc_cmd(struct nullb_queue *nq, int can_wait)
+{
+       struct nullb_cmd *cmd;
+       DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+
+       cmd = __alloc_cmd(nq);
+       if (cmd || !can_wait)
+               return cmd;
+
+       do {
+               prepare_to_wait(&nq->wait, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+               cmd = __alloc_cmd(nq);
+               if (cmd)
+                       break;
+
+               io_schedule();
+       } while (1);
+
+       finish_wait(&nq->wait, &wait);
+       return cmd;
+}
+
+static void end_cmd(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
+{
+       struct request_queue *q = NULL;
+       int queue_mode = cmd->nq->dev->queue_mode;
+
+       if (cmd->rq)
+               q = cmd->rq->q;
+
+       switch (queue_mode)  {
+       case NULL_Q_MQ:
+               blk_mq_end_request(cmd->rq, cmd->error);
+               return;
+       case NULL_Q_RQ:
+               INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cmd->rq->queuelist);
+               blk_end_request_all(cmd->rq, cmd->error);
+               break;
+       case NULL_Q_BIO:
+               cmd->bio->bi_status = cmd->error;
+               bio_endio(cmd->bio);
+               break;
+       }
+
+       free_cmd(cmd);
+
+       /* Restart queue if needed, as we are freeing a tag */
+       if (queue_mode == NULL_Q_RQ && blk_queue_stopped(q)) {
+               unsigned long flags;
+
+               spin_lock_irqsave(q->queue_lock, flags);
+               blk_start_queue_async(q);
+               spin_unlock_irqrestore(q->queue_lock, flags);
+       }
+}
+
+static enum hrtimer_restart null_cmd_timer_expired(struct hrtimer *timer)
+{
+       end_cmd(container_of(timer, struct nullb_cmd, timer));
+
+       return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
+}
+
+static void null_cmd_end_timer(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
+{
+       ktime_t kt = cmd->nq->dev->completion_nsec;
+
+       hrtimer_start(&cmd->timer, kt, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
+}
+
+static void null_softirq_done_fn(struct request *rq)
+{
+       struct nullb *nullb = rq->q->queuedata;
+
+       if (nullb->dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ)
+               end_cmd(blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(rq));
+       else
+               end_cmd(rq->special);
+}
+
+static struct nullb_page *null_alloc_page(gfp_t gfp_flags)
+{
+       struct nullb_page *t_page;
+
+       t_page = kmalloc(sizeof(struct nullb_page), gfp_flags);
+       if (!t_page)
+               goto out;
+
+       t_page->page = alloc_pages(gfp_flags, 0);
+       if (!t_page->page)
+               goto out_freepage;
+
+       memset(t_page->bitmap, 0, sizeof(t_page->bitmap));
+       return t_page;
+out_freepage:
+       kfree(t_page);
+out:
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+static void null_free_page(struct nullb_page *t_page)
+{
+       __set_bit(NULLB_PAGE_FREE, t_page->bitmap);
+       if (test_bit(NULLB_PAGE_LOCK, t_page->bitmap))
+               return;
+       __free_page(t_page->page);
+       kfree(t_page);
+}
+
+static bool null_page_empty(struct nullb_page *page)
+{
+       int size = MAP_SZ - 2;
+
+       return find_first_bit(page->bitmap, size) == size;
+}
+
+static void null_free_sector(struct nullb *nullb, sector_t sector,
+       bool is_cache)
+{
+       unsigned int sector_bit;
+       u64 idx;
+       struct nullb_page *t_page, *ret;
+       struct radix_tree_root *root;
+
+       root = is_cache ? &nullb->dev->cache : &nullb->dev->data;
+       idx = sector >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
+       sector_bit = (sector & SECTOR_MASK);
+
+       t_page = radix_tree_lookup(root, idx);
+       if (t_page) {
+               __clear_bit(sector_bit, t_page->bitmap);
+
+               if (null_page_empty(t_page)) {
+                       ret = radix_tree_delete_item(root, idx, t_page);
+                       WARN_ON(ret != t_page);
+                       null_free_page(ret);
+                       if (is_cache)
+                               nullb->dev->curr_cache -= PAGE_SIZE;
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static struct nullb_page *null_radix_tree_insert(struct nullb *nullb, u64 idx,
+       struct nullb_page *t_page, bool is_cache)
+{
+       struct radix_tree_root *root;
+
+       root = is_cache ? &nullb->dev->cache : &nullb->dev->data;
+
+       if (radix_tree_insert(root, idx, t_page)) {
+               null_free_page(t_page);
+               t_page = radix_tree_lookup(root, idx);
+               WARN_ON(!t_page || t_page->page->index != idx);
+       } else if (is_cache)
+               nullb->dev->curr_cache += PAGE_SIZE;
+
+       return t_page;
+}
+
+static void null_free_device_storage(struct nullb_device *dev, bool is_cache)
+{
+       unsigned long pos = 0;
+       int nr_pages;
+       struct nullb_page *ret, *t_pages[FREE_BATCH];
+       struct radix_tree_root *root;
+
+       root = is_cache ? &dev->cache : &dev->data;
+
+       do {
+               int i;
+
+               nr_pages = radix_tree_gang_lookup(root,
+                               (void **)t_pages, pos, FREE_BATCH);
+
+               for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
+                       pos = t_pages[i]->page->index;
+                       ret = radix_tree_delete_item(root, pos, t_pages[i]);
+                       WARN_ON(ret != t_pages[i]);
+                       null_free_page(ret);
+               }
+
+               pos++;
+       } while (nr_pages == FREE_BATCH);
+
+       if (is_cache)
+               dev->curr_cache = 0;
+}
+
+static struct nullb_page *__null_lookup_page(struct nullb *nullb,
+       sector_t sector, bool for_write, bool is_cache)
+{
+       unsigned int sector_bit;
+       u64 idx;
+       struct nullb_page *t_page;
+       struct radix_tree_root *root;
+
+       idx = sector >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
+       sector_bit = (sector & SECTOR_MASK);
+
+       root = is_cache ? &nullb->dev->cache : &nullb->dev->data;
+       t_page = radix_tree_lookup(root, idx);
+       WARN_ON(t_page && t_page->page->index != idx);
+
+       if (t_page && (for_write || test_bit(sector_bit, t_page->bitmap)))
+               return t_page;
+
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct nullb_page *null_lookup_page(struct nullb *nullb,
+       sector_t sector, bool for_write, bool ignore_cache)
+{
+       struct nullb_page *page = NULL;
+
+       if (!ignore_cache)
+               page = __null_lookup_page(nullb, sector, for_write, true);
+       if (page)
+               return page;
+       return __null_lookup_page(nullb, sector, for_write, false);
+}
+
+static struct nullb_page *null_insert_page(struct nullb *nullb,
+       sector_t sector, bool ignore_cache)
+{
+       u64 idx;
+       struct nullb_page *t_page;
+
+       t_page = null_lookup_page(nullb, sector, true, ignore_cache);
+       if (t_page)
+               return t_page;
+
+       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+
+       t_page = null_alloc_page(GFP_NOIO);
+       if (!t_page)
+               goto out_lock;
+
+       if (radix_tree_preload(GFP_NOIO))
+               goto out_freepage;
+
+       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+       idx = sector >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
+       t_page->page->index = idx;
+       t_page = null_radix_tree_insert(nullb, idx, t_page, !ignore_cache);
+       radix_tree_preload_end();
+
+       return t_page;
+out_freepage:
+       null_free_page(t_page);
+out_lock:
+       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+       return null_lookup_page(nullb, sector, true, ignore_cache);
+}
+
+static int null_flush_cache_page(struct nullb *nullb, struct nullb_page *c_page)
+{
+       int i;
+       unsigned int offset;
+       u64 idx;
+       struct nullb_page *t_page, *ret;
+       void *dst, *src;
+
+       idx = c_page->page->index;
+
+       t_page = null_insert_page(nullb, idx << PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT, true);
+
+       __clear_bit(NULLB_PAGE_LOCK, c_page->bitmap);
+       if (test_bit(NULLB_PAGE_FREE, c_page->bitmap)) {
+               null_free_page(c_page);
+               if (t_page && null_page_empty(t_page)) {
+                       ret = radix_tree_delete_item(&nullb->dev->data,
+                               idx, t_page);
+                       null_free_page(t_page);
+               }
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       if (!t_page)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+
+       src = kmap_atomic(c_page->page);
+       dst = kmap_atomic(t_page->page);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < PAGE_SECTORS;
+                       i += (nullb->dev->blocksize >> SECTOR_SHIFT)) {
+               if (test_bit(i, c_page->bitmap)) {
+                       offset = (i << SECTOR_SHIFT);
+                       memcpy(dst + offset, src + offset,
+                               nullb->dev->blocksize);
+                       __set_bit(i, t_page->bitmap);
+               }
+       }
+
+       kunmap_atomic(dst);
+       kunmap_atomic(src);
+
+       ret = radix_tree_delete_item(&nullb->dev->cache, idx, c_page);
+       null_free_page(ret);
+       nullb->dev->curr_cache -= PAGE_SIZE;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int null_make_cache_space(struct nullb *nullb, unsigned long n)
+{
+       int i, err, nr_pages;
+       struct nullb_page *c_pages[FREE_BATCH];
+       unsigned long flushed = 0, one_round;
+
+again:
+       if ((nullb->dev->cache_size * 1024 * 1024) >
+            nullb->dev->curr_cache + n || nullb->dev->curr_cache == 0)
+               return 0;
+
+       nr_pages = radix_tree_gang_lookup(&nullb->dev->cache,
+                       (void **)c_pages, nullb->cache_flush_pos, FREE_BATCH);
+       /*
+        * nullb_flush_cache_page could unlock before using the c_pages. To
+        * avoid race, we don't allow page free
+        */
+       for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
+               nullb->cache_flush_pos = c_pages[i]->page->index;
+               /*
+                * We found the page which is being flushed to disk by other
+                * threads
+                */
+               if (test_bit(NULLB_PAGE_LOCK, c_pages[i]->bitmap))
+                       c_pages[i] = NULL;
+               else
+                       __set_bit(NULLB_PAGE_LOCK, c_pages[i]->bitmap);
+       }
+
+       one_round = 0;
+       for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
+               if (c_pages[i] == NULL)
+                       continue;
+               err = null_flush_cache_page(nullb, c_pages[i]);
+               if (err)
+                       return err;
+               one_round++;
+       }
+       flushed += one_round << PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+       if (n > flushed) {
+               if (nr_pages == 0)
+                       nullb->cache_flush_pos = 0;
+               if (one_round == 0) {
+                       /* give other threads a chance */
+                       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+                       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+               }
+               goto again;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int copy_to_nullb(struct nullb *nullb, struct page *source,
+       unsigned int off, sector_t sector, size_t n, bool is_fua)
+{
+       size_t temp, count = 0;
+       unsigned int offset;
+       struct nullb_page *t_page;
+       void *dst, *src;
+
+       while (count < n) {
+               temp = min_t(size_t, nullb->dev->blocksize, n - count);
+
+               if (null_cache_active(nullb) && !is_fua)
+                       null_make_cache_space(nullb, PAGE_SIZE);
+
+               offset = (sector & SECTOR_MASK) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
+               t_page = null_insert_page(nullb, sector,
+                       !null_cache_active(nullb) || is_fua);
+               if (!t_page)
+                       return -ENOSPC;
+
+               src = kmap_atomic(source);
+               dst = kmap_atomic(t_page->page);
+               memcpy(dst + offset, src + off + count, temp);
+               kunmap_atomic(dst);
+               kunmap_atomic(src);
+
+               __set_bit(sector & SECTOR_MASK, t_page->bitmap);
+
+               if (is_fua)
+                       null_free_sector(nullb, sector, true);
+
+               count += temp;
+               sector += temp >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int copy_from_nullb(struct nullb *nullb, struct page *dest,
+       unsigned int off, sector_t sector, size_t n)
+{
+       size_t temp, count = 0;
+       unsigned int offset;
+       struct nullb_page *t_page;
+       void *dst, *src;
+
+       while (count < n) {
+               temp = min_t(size_t, nullb->dev->blocksize, n - count);
+
+               offset = (sector & SECTOR_MASK) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
+               t_page = null_lookup_page(nullb, sector, false,
+                       !null_cache_active(nullb));
+
+               dst = kmap_atomic(dest);
+               if (!t_page) {
+                       memset(dst + off + count, 0, temp);
+                       goto next;
+               }
+               src = kmap_atomic(t_page->page);
+               memcpy(dst + off + count, src + offset, temp);
+               kunmap_atomic(src);
+next:
+               kunmap_atomic(dst);
+
+               count += temp;
+               sector += temp >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void null_handle_discard(struct nullb *nullb, sector_t sector, size_t n)
+{
+       size_t temp;
+
+       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+       while (n > 0) {
+               temp = min_t(size_t, n, nullb->dev->blocksize);
+               null_free_sector(nullb, sector, false);
+               if (null_cache_active(nullb))
+                       null_free_sector(nullb, sector, true);
+               sector += temp >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+               n -= temp;
+       }
+       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+}
+
+static int null_handle_flush(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       int err;
+
+       if (!null_cache_active(nullb))
+               return 0;
+
+       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+       while (true) {
+               err = null_make_cache_space(nullb,
+                       nullb->dev->cache_size * 1024 * 1024);
+               if (err || nullb->dev->curr_cache == 0)
+                       break;
+       }
+
+       WARN_ON(!radix_tree_empty(&nullb->dev->cache));
+       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+       return err;
+}
+
+static int null_transfer(struct nullb *nullb, struct page *page,
+       unsigned int len, unsigned int off, bool is_write, sector_t sector,
+       bool is_fua)
+{
+       int err = 0;
+
+       if (!is_write) {
+               err = copy_from_nullb(nullb, page, off, sector, len);
+               flush_dcache_page(page);
+       } else {
+               flush_dcache_page(page);
+               err = copy_to_nullb(nullb, page, off, sector, len, is_fua);
+       }
+
+       return err;
+}
+
+static int null_handle_rq(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
+{
+       struct request *rq = cmd->rq;
+       struct nullb *nullb = cmd->nq->dev->nullb;
+       int err;
+       unsigned int len;
+       sector_t sector;
+       struct req_iterator iter;
+       struct bio_vec bvec;
+
+       sector = blk_rq_pos(rq);
+
+       if (req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_DISCARD) {
+               null_handle_discard(nullb, sector, blk_rq_bytes(rq));
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+       rq_for_each_segment(bvec, rq, iter) {
+               len = bvec.bv_len;
+               err = null_transfer(nullb, bvec.bv_page, len, bvec.bv_offset,
+                                    op_is_write(req_op(rq)), sector,
+                                    req_op(rq) & REQ_FUA);
+               if (err) {
+                       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+                       return err;
+               }
+               sector += len >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+       }
+       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int null_handle_bio(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
+{
+       struct bio *bio = cmd->bio;
+       struct nullb *nullb = cmd->nq->dev->nullb;
+       int err;
+       unsigned int len;
+       sector_t sector;
+       struct bio_vec bvec;
+       struct bvec_iter iter;
+
+       sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
+
+       if (bio_op(bio) == REQ_OP_DISCARD) {
+               null_handle_discard(nullb, sector,
+                       bio_sectors(bio) << SECTOR_SHIFT);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       spin_lock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+       bio_for_each_segment(bvec, bio, iter) {
+               len = bvec.bv_len;
+               err = null_transfer(nullb, bvec.bv_page, len, bvec.bv_offset,
+                                    op_is_write(bio_op(bio)), sector,
+                                    bio_op(bio) & REQ_FUA);
+               if (err) {
+                       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+                       return err;
+               }
+               sector += len >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+       }
+       spin_unlock_irq(&nullb->lock);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void null_stop_queue(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       struct request_queue *q = nullb->q;
+
+       if (nullb->dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ)
+               blk_mq_stop_hw_queues(q);
+       else {
+               spin_lock_irq(q->queue_lock);
+               blk_stop_queue(q);
+               spin_unlock_irq(q->queue_lock);
+       }
+}
+
+static void null_restart_queue_async(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       struct request_queue *q = nullb->q;
+       unsigned long flags;
+
+       if (nullb->dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ)
+               blk_mq_start_stopped_hw_queues(q, true);
+       else {
+               spin_lock_irqsave(q->queue_lock, flags);
+               blk_start_queue_async(q);
+               spin_unlock_irqrestore(q->queue_lock, flags);
+       }
+}
+
+static blk_status_t null_handle_cmd(struct nullb_cmd *cmd)
+{
+       struct nullb_device *dev = cmd->nq->dev;
+       struct nullb *nullb = dev->nullb;
+       int err = 0;
+
+       if (req_op(cmd->rq) == REQ_OP_ZONE_REPORT) {
+               cmd->error = null_zone_report(nullb, cmd);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       if (test_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_THROTTLED, &dev->flags)) {
+               struct request *rq = cmd->rq;
+
+               if (!hrtimer_active(&nullb->bw_timer))
+                       hrtimer_restart(&nullb->bw_timer);
+
+               if (atomic_long_sub_return(blk_rq_bytes(rq),
+                               &nullb->cur_bytes) < 0) {
+                       null_stop_queue(nullb);
+                       /* race with timer */
+                       if (atomic_long_read(&nullb->cur_bytes) > 0)
+                               null_restart_queue_async(nullb);
+                       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_RQ) {
+                               struct request_queue *q = nullb->q;
+
+                               spin_lock_irq(q->queue_lock);
+                               rq->rq_flags |= RQF_DONTPREP;
+                               blk_requeue_request(q, rq);
+                               spin_unlock_irq(q->queue_lock);
+                               return BLK_STS_OK;
+                       } else
+                               /* requeue request */
+                               return BLK_STS_DEV_RESOURCE;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (nullb->dev->badblocks.shift != -1) {
+               int bad_sectors;
+               sector_t sector, size, first_bad;
+               bool is_flush = true;
+
+               if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_BIO &&
+                               bio_op(cmd->bio) != REQ_OP_FLUSH) {
+                       is_flush = false;
+                       sector = cmd->bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
+                       size = bio_sectors(cmd->bio);
+               }
+               if (dev->queue_mode != NULL_Q_BIO &&
+                               req_op(cmd->rq) != REQ_OP_FLUSH) {
+                       is_flush = false;
+                       sector = blk_rq_pos(cmd->rq);
+                       size = blk_rq_sectors(cmd->rq);
+               }
+               if (!is_flush && badblocks_check(&nullb->dev->badblocks, sector,
+                               size, &first_bad, &bad_sectors)) {
+                       cmd->error = BLK_STS_IOERR;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (dev->memory_backed) {
+               if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_BIO) {
+                       if (bio_op(cmd->bio) == REQ_OP_FLUSH)
+                               err = null_handle_flush(nullb);
+                       else
+                               err = null_handle_bio(cmd);
+               } else {
+                       if (req_op(cmd->rq) == REQ_OP_FLUSH)
+                               err = null_handle_flush(nullb);
+                       else
+                               err = null_handle_rq(cmd);
+               }
+       }
+       cmd->error = errno_to_blk_status(err);
+
+       if (!cmd->error && dev->zoned) {
+               if (req_op(cmd->rq) == REQ_OP_WRITE)
+                       null_zone_write(cmd);
+               else if (req_op(cmd->rq) == REQ_OP_ZONE_RESET)
+                       null_zone_reset(cmd);
+       }
+out:
+       /* Complete IO by inline, softirq or timer */
+       switch (dev->irqmode) {
+       case NULL_IRQ_SOFTIRQ:
+               switch (dev->queue_mode)  {
+               case NULL_Q_MQ:
+                       blk_mq_complete_request(cmd->rq);
+                       break;
+               case NULL_Q_RQ:
+                       blk_complete_request(cmd->rq);
+                       break;
+               case NULL_Q_BIO:
+                       /*
+                        * XXX: no proper submitting cpu information available.
+                        */
+                       end_cmd(cmd);
+                       break;
+               }
+               break;
+       case NULL_IRQ_NONE:
+               end_cmd(cmd);
+               break;
+       case NULL_IRQ_TIMER:
+               null_cmd_end_timer(cmd);
+               break;
+       }
+       return BLK_STS_OK;
+}
+
+static enum hrtimer_restart nullb_bwtimer_fn(struct hrtimer *timer)
+{
+       struct nullb *nullb = container_of(timer, struct nullb, bw_timer);
+       ktime_t timer_interval = ktime_set(0, TIMER_INTERVAL);
+       unsigned int mbps = nullb->dev->mbps;
+
+       if (atomic_long_read(&nullb->cur_bytes) == mb_per_tick(mbps))
+               return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
+
+       atomic_long_set(&nullb->cur_bytes, mb_per_tick(mbps));
+       null_restart_queue_async(nullb);
+
+       hrtimer_forward_now(&nullb->bw_timer, timer_interval);
+
+       return HRTIMER_RESTART;
+}
+
+static void nullb_setup_bwtimer(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       ktime_t timer_interval = ktime_set(0, TIMER_INTERVAL);
+
+       hrtimer_init(&nullb->bw_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
+       nullb->bw_timer.function = nullb_bwtimer_fn;
+       atomic_long_set(&nullb->cur_bytes, mb_per_tick(nullb->dev->mbps));
+       hrtimer_start(&nullb->bw_timer, timer_interval, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
+}
+
+static struct nullb_queue *nullb_to_queue(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       int index = 0;
+
+       if (nullb->nr_queues != 1)
+               index = raw_smp_processor_id() / ((nr_cpu_ids + nullb->nr_queues - 1) / nullb->nr_queues);
+
+       return &nullb->queues[index];
+}
+
+static blk_qc_t null_queue_bio(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio)
+{
+       struct nullb *nullb = q->queuedata;
+       struct nullb_queue *nq = nullb_to_queue(nullb);
+       struct nullb_cmd *cmd;
+
+       cmd = alloc_cmd(nq, 1);
+       cmd->bio = bio;
+
+       null_handle_cmd(cmd);
+       return BLK_QC_T_NONE;
+}
+
+static enum blk_eh_timer_return null_rq_timed_out_fn(struct request *rq)
+{
+       pr_info("null: rq %p timed out\n", rq);
+       __blk_complete_request(rq);
+       return BLK_EH_DONE;
+}
+
+static int null_rq_prep_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req)
+{
+       struct nullb *nullb = q->queuedata;
+       struct nullb_queue *nq = nullb_to_queue(nullb);
+       struct nullb_cmd *cmd;
+
+       cmd = alloc_cmd(nq, 0);
+       if (cmd) {
+               cmd->rq = req;
+               req->special = cmd;
+               return BLKPREP_OK;
+       }
+       blk_stop_queue(q);
+
+       return BLKPREP_DEFER;
+}
+
+static bool should_timeout_request(struct request *rq)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
+       if (g_timeout_str[0])
+               return should_fail(&null_timeout_attr, 1);
+#endif
+       return false;
+}
+
+static bool should_requeue_request(struct request *rq)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
+       if (g_requeue_str[0])
+               return should_fail(&null_requeue_attr, 1);
+#endif
+       return false;
+}
+
+static void null_request_fn(struct request_queue *q)
+{
+       struct request *rq;
+
+       while ((rq = blk_fetch_request(q)) != NULL) {
+               struct nullb_cmd *cmd = rq->special;
+
+               /* just ignore the request */
+               if (should_timeout_request(rq))
+                       continue;
+               if (should_requeue_request(rq)) {
+                       blk_requeue_request(q, rq);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               spin_unlock_irq(q->queue_lock);
+               null_handle_cmd(cmd);
+               spin_lock_irq(q->queue_lock);
+       }
+}
+
+static enum blk_eh_timer_return null_timeout_rq(struct request *rq, bool res)
+{
+       pr_info("null: rq %p timed out\n", rq);
+       blk_mq_complete_request(rq);
+       return BLK_EH_DONE;
+}
+
+static blk_status_t null_queue_rq(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx,
+                        const struct blk_mq_queue_data *bd)
+{
+       struct nullb_cmd *cmd = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(bd->rq);
+       struct nullb_queue *nq = hctx->driver_data;
+
+       might_sleep_if(hctx->flags & BLK_MQ_F_BLOCKING);
+
+       if (nq->dev->irqmode == NULL_IRQ_TIMER) {
+               hrtimer_init(&cmd->timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
+               cmd->timer.function = null_cmd_timer_expired;
+       }
+       cmd->rq = bd->rq;
+       cmd->nq = nq;
+
+       blk_mq_start_request(bd->rq);
+
+       if (should_requeue_request(bd->rq)) {
+               /*
+                * Alternate between hitting the core BUSY path, and the
+                * driver driven requeue path
+                */
+               nq->requeue_selection++;
+               if (nq->requeue_selection & 1)
+                       return BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
+               else {
+                       blk_mq_requeue_request(bd->rq, true);
+                       return BLK_STS_OK;
+               }
+       }
+       if (should_timeout_request(bd->rq))
+               return BLK_STS_OK;
+
+       return null_handle_cmd(cmd);
+}
+
+static const struct blk_mq_ops null_mq_ops = {
+       .queue_rq       = null_queue_rq,
+       .complete       = null_softirq_done_fn,
+       .timeout        = null_timeout_rq,
+};
+
+static void cleanup_queue(struct nullb_queue *nq)
+{
+       kfree(nq->tag_map);
+       kfree(nq->cmds);
+}
+
+static void cleanup_queues(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < nullb->nr_queues; i++)
+               cleanup_queue(&nullb->queues[i]);
+
+       kfree(nullb->queues);
+}
+
+static void null_del_dev(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       struct nullb_device *dev = nullb->dev;
+
+       ida_simple_remove(&nullb_indexes, nullb->index);
+
+       list_del_init(&nullb->list);
+
+       del_gendisk(nullb->disk);
+
+       if (test_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_THROTTLED, &nullb->dev->flags)) {
+               hrtimer_cancel(&nullb->bw_timer);
+               atomic_long_set(&nullb->cur_bytes, LONG_MAX);
+               null_restart_queue_async(nullb);
+       }
+
+       blk_cleanup_queue(nullb->q);
+       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ &&
+           nullb->tag_set == &nullb->__tag_set)
+               blk_mq_free_tag_set(nullb->tag_set);
+       put_disk(nullb->disk);
+       cleanup_queues(nullb);
+       if (null_cache_active(nullb))
+               null_free_device_storage(nullb->dev, true);
+       kfree(nullb);
+       dev->nullb = NULL;
+}
+
+static void null_config_discard(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       if (nullb->dev->discard == false)
+               return;
+       nullb->q->limits.discard_granularity = nullb->dev->blocksize;
+       nullb->q->limits.discard_alignment = nullb->dev->blocksize;
+       blk_queue_max_discard_sectors(nullb->q, UINT_MAX >> 9);
+       blk_queue_flag_set(QUEUE_FLAG_DISCARD, nullb->q);
+}
+
+static int null_open(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void null_release(struct gendisk *disk, fmode_t mode)
+{
+}
+
+static const struct block_device_operations null_fops = {
+       .owner =        THIS_MODULE,
+       .open =         null_open,
+       .release =      null_release,
+};
+
+static void null_init_queue(struct nullb *nullb, struct nullb_queue *nq)
+{
+       BUG_ON(!nullb);
+       BUG_ON(!nq);
+
+       init_waitqueue_head(&nq->wait);
+       nq->queue_depth = nullb->queue_depth;
+       nq->dev = nullb->dev;
+}
+
+static void null_init_queues(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       struct request_queue *q = nullb->q;
+       struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx;
+       struct nullb_queue *nq;
+       int i;
+
+       queue_for_each_hw_ctx(q, hctx, i) {
+               if (!hctx->nr_ctx || !hctx->tags)
+                       continue;
+               nq = &nullb->queues[i];
+               hctx->driver_data = nq;
+               null_init_queue(nullb, nq);
+               nullb->nr_queues++;
+       }
+}
+
+static int setup_commands(struct nullb_queue *nq)
+{
+       struct nullb_cmd *cmd;
+       int i, tag_size;
+
+       nq->cmds = kcalloc(nq->queue_depth, sizeof(*cmd), GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!nq->cmds)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+
+       tag_size = ALIGN(nq->queue_depth, BITS_PER_LONG) / BITS_PER_LONG;
+       nq->tag_map = kcalloc(tag_size, sizeof(unsigned long), GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!nq->tag_map) {
+               kfree(nq->cmds);
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < nq->queue_depth; i++) {
+               cmd = &nq->cmds[i];
+               INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cmd->list);
+               cmd->ll_list.next = NULL;
+               cmd->tag = -1U;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int setup_queues(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       nullb->queues = kcalloc(nullb->dev->submit_queues,
+                               sizeof(struct nullb_queue),
+                               GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!nullb->queues)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+
+       nullb->nr_queues = 0;
+       nullb->queue_depth = nullb->dev->hw_queue_depth;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int init_driver_queues(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       struct nullb_queue *nq;
+       int i, ret = 0;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < nullb->dev->submit_queues; i++) {
+               nq = &nullb->queues[i];
+
+               null_init_queue(nullb, nq);
+
+               ret = setup_commands(nq);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+               nullb->nr_queues++;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int null_gendisk_register(struct nullb *nullb)
+{
+       struct gendisk *disk;
+       sector_t size;
+
+       disk = nullb->disk = alloc_disk_node(1, nullb->dev->home_node);
+       if (!disk)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       size = (sector_t)nullb->dev->size * 1024 * 1024ULL;
+       set_capacity(disk, size >> 9);
+
+       disk->flags |= GENHD_FL_EXT_DEVT | GENHD_FL_SUPPRESS_PARTITION_INFO;
+       disk->major             = null_major;
+       disk->first_minor       = nullb->index;
+       disk->fops              = &null_fops;
+       disk->private_data      = nullb;
+       disk->queue             = nullb->q;
+       strncpy(disk->disk_name, nullb->disk_name, DISK_NAME_LEN);
+
+       add_disk(disk);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int null_init_tag_set(struct nullb *nullb, struct blk_mq_tag_set *set)
+{
+       set->ops = &null_mq_ops;
+       set->nr_hw_queues = nullb ? nullb->dev->submit_queues :
+                                               g_submit_queues;
+       set->queue_depth = nullb ? nullb->dev->hw_queue_depth :
+                                               g_hw_queue_depth;
+       set->numa_node = nullb ? nullb->dev->home_node : g_home_node;
+       set->cmd_size   = sizeof(struct nullb_cmd);
+       set->flags = BLK_MQ_F_SHOULD_MERGE;
+       if (g_no_sched)
+               set->flags |= BLK_MQ_F_NO_SCHED;
+       set->driver_data = NULL;
+
+       if ((nullb && nullb->dev->blocking) || g_blocking)
+               set->flags |= BLK_MQ_F_BLOCKING;
+
+       return blk_mq_alloc_tag_set(set);
+}
+
+static void null_validate_conf(struct nullb_device *dev)
+{
+       dev->blocksize = round_down(dev->blocksize, 512);
+       dev->blocksize = clamp_t(unsigned int, dev->blocksize, 512, 4096);
+
+       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && dev->use_per_node_hctx) {
+               if (dev->submit_queues != nr_online_nodes)
+                       dev->submit_queues = nr_online_nodes;
+       } else if (dev->submit_queues > nr_cpu_ids)
+               dev->submit_queues = nr_cpu_ids;
+       else if (dev->submit_queues == 0)
+               dev->submit_queues = 1;
+
+       dev->queue_mode = min_t(unsigned int, dev->queue_mode, NULL_Q_MQ);
+       dev->irqmode = min_t(unsigned int, dev->irqmode, NULL_IRQ_TIMER);
+
+       /* Do memory allocation, so set blocking */
+       if (dev->memory_backed)
+               dev->blocking = true;
+       else /* cache is meaningless */
+               dev->cache_size = 0;
+       dev->cache_size = min_t(unsigned long, ULONG_MAX / 1024 / 1024,
+                                               dev->cache_size);
+       dev->mbps = min_t(unsigned int, 1024 * 40, dev->mbps);
+       /* can not stop a queue */
+       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_BIO)
+               dev->mbps = 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
+static bool __null_setup_fault(struct fault_attr *attr, char *str)
+{
+       if (!str[0])
+               return true;
+
+       if (!setup_fault_attr(attr, str))
+               return false;
+
+       attr->verbose = 0;
+       return true;
+}
+#endif
+
+static bool null_setup_fault(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK_FAULT_INJECTION
+       if (!__null_setup_fault(&null_timeout_attr, g_timeout_str))
+               return false;
+       if (!__null_setup_fault(&null_requeue_attr, g_requeue_str))
+               return false;
+#endif
+       return true;
+}
+
+static int null_add_dev(struct nullb_device *dev)
+{
+       struct nullb *nullb;
+       int rv;
+
+       null_validate_conf(dev);
+
+       nullb = kzalloc_node(sizeof(*nullb), GFP_KERNEL, dev->home_node);
+       if (!nullb) {
+               rv = -ENOMEM;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       nullb->dev = dev;
+       dev->nullb = nullb;
+
+       spin_lock_init(&nullb->lock);
+
+       rv = setup_queues(nullb);
+       if (rv)
+               goto out_free_nullb;
+
+       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ) {
+               if (shared_tags) {
+                       nullb->tag_set = &tag_set;
+                       rv = 0;
+               } else {
+                       nullb->tag_set = &nullb->__tag_set;
+                       rv = null_init_tag_set(nullb, nullb->tag_set);
+               }
+
+               if (rv)
+                       goto out_cleanup_queues;
+
+               if (!null_setup_fault())
+                       goto out_cleanup_queues;
+
+               nullb->tag_set->timeout = 5 * HZ;
+               nullb->q = blk_mq_init_queue(nullb->tag_set);
+               if (IS_ERR(nullb->q)) {
+                       rv = -ENOMEM;
+                       goto out_cleanup_tags;
+               }
+               null_init_queues(nullb);
+       } else if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_BIO) {
+               nullb->q = blk_alloc_queue_node(GFP_KERNEL, dev->home_node,
+                                               NULL);
+               if (!nullb->q) {
+                       rv = -ENOMEM;
+                       goto out_cleanup_queues;
+               }
+               blk_queue_make_request(nullb->q, null_queue_bio);
+               rv = init_driver_queues(nullb);
+               if (rv)
+                       goto out_cleanup_blk_queue;
+       } else {
+               nullb->q = blk_init_queue_node(null_request_fn, &nullb->lock,
+                                               dev->home_node);
+               if (!nullb->q) {
+                       rv = -ENOMEM;
+                       goto out_cleanup_queues;
+               }
+
+               if (!null_setup_fault())
+                       goto out_cleanup_blk_queue;
+
+               blk_queue_prep_rq(nullb->q, null_rq_prep_fn);
+               blk_queue_softirq_done(nullb->q, null_softirq_done_fn);
+               blk_queue_rq_timed_out(nullb->q, null_rq_timed_out_fn);
+               nullb->q->rq_timeout = 5 * HZ;
+               rv = init_driver_queues(nullb);
+               if (rv)
+                       goto out_cleanup_blk_queue;
+       }
+
+       if (dev->mbps) {
+               set_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_THROTTLED, &dev->flags);
+               nullb_setup_bwtimer(nullb);
+       }
+
+       if (dev->cache_size > 0) {
+               set_bit(NULLB_DEV_FL_CACHE, &nullb->dev->flags);
+               blk_queue_write_cache(nullb->q, true, true);
+               blk_queue_flush_queueable(nullb->q, true);
+       }
+
+       if (dev->zoned) {
+               rv = null_zone_init(dev);
+               if (rv)
+                       goto out_cleanup_blk_queue;
+
+               blk_queue_chunk_sectors(nullb->q, dev->zone_size_sects);
+               nullb->q->limits.zoned = BLK_ZONED_HM;
+       }
+
+       nullb->q->queuedata = nullb;
+       blk_queue_flag_set(QUEUE_FLAG_NONROT, nullb->q);
+       blk_queue_flag_clear(QUEUE_FLAG_ADD_RANDOM, nullb->q);
+
+       mutex_lock(&lock);
+       nullb->index = ida_simple_get(&nullb_indexes, 0, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
+       dev->index = nullb->index;
+       mutex_unlock(&lock);
+
+       blk_queue_logical_block_size(nullb->q, dev->blocksize);
+       blk_queue_physical_block_size(nullb->q, dev->blocksize);
+
+       null_config_discard(nullb);
+
+       sprintf(nullb->disk_name, "nullb%d", nullb->index);
+
+       rv = null_gendisk_register(nullb);
+       if (rv)
+               goto out_cleanup_zone;
+
+       mutex_lock(&lock);
+       list_add_tail(&nullb->list, &nullb_list);
+       mutex_unlock(&lock);
+
+       return 0;
+out_cleanup_zone:
+       if (dev->zoned)
+               null_zone_exit(dev);
+out_cleanup_blk_queue:
+       blk_cleanup_queue(nullb->q);
+out_cleanup_tags:
+       if (dev->queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && nullb->tag_set == &nullb->__tag_set)
+               blk_mq_free_tag_set(nullb->tag_set);
+out_cleanup_queues:
+       cleanup_queues(nullb);
+out_free_nullb:
+       kfree(nullb);
+out:
+       return rv;
+}
+
+static int __init null_init(void)
+{
+       int ret = 0;
+       unsigned int i;
+       struct nullb *nullb;
+       struct nullb_device *dev;
+
+       if (g_bs > PAGE_SIZE) {
+               pr_warn("null_blk: invalid block size\n");
+               pr_warn("null_blk: defaults block size to %lu\n", PAGE_SIZE);
+               g_bs = PAGE_SIZE;
+       }
+
+       if (!is_power_of_2(g_zone_size)) {
+               pr_err("null_blk: zone_size must be power-of-two\n");
+               return -EINVAL;
+       }
+
+       if (g_queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && g_use_per_node_hctx) {
+               if (g_submit_queues != nr_online_nodes) {
+                       pr_warn("null_blk: submit_queues param is set to %u.\n",
+                                                       nr_online_nodes);
+                       g_submit_queues = nr_online_nodes;
+               }
+       } else if (g_submit_queues > nr_cpu_ids)
+               g_submit_queues = nr_cpu_ids;
+       else if (g_submit_queues <= 0)
+               g_submit_queues = 1;
+
+       if (g_queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && shared_tags) {
+               ret = null_init_tag_set(NULL, &tag_set);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+       }
+
+       config_group_init(&nullb_subsys.su_group);
+       mutex_init(&nullb_subsys.su_mutex);
+
+       ret = configfs_register_subsystem(&nullb_subsys);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err_tagset;
+
+       mutex_init(&lock);
+
+       null_major = register_blkdev(0, "nullb");
+       if (null_major < 0) {
+               ret = null_major;
+               goto err_conf;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < nr_devices; i++) {
+               dev = null_alloc_dev();
+               if (!dev) {
+                       ret = -ENOMEM;
+                       goto err_dev;
+               }
+               ret = null_add_dev(dev);
+               if (ret) {
+                       null_free_dev(dev);
+                       goto err_dev;
+               }
+       }
+
+       pr_info("null: module loaded\n");
+       return 0;
+
+err_dev:
+       while (!list_empty(&nullb_list)) {
+               nullb = list_entry(nullb_list.next, struct nullb, list);
+               dev = nullb->dev;
+               null_del_dev(nullb);
+               null_free_dev(dev);
+       }
+       unregister_blkdev(null_major, "nullb");
+err_conf:
+       configfs_unregister_subsystem(&nullb_subsys);
+err_tagset:
+       if (g_queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && shared_tags)
+               blk_mq_free_tag_set(&tag_set);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static void __exit null_exit(void)
+{
+       struct nullb *nullb;
+
+       configfs_unregister_subsystem(&nullb_subsys);
+
+       unregister_blkdev(null_major, "nullb");
+
+       mutex_lock(&lock);
+       while (!list_empty(&nullb_list)) {
+               struct nullb_device *dev;
+
+               nullb = list_entry(nullb_list.next, struct nullb, list);
+               dev = nullb->dev;
+               null_del_dev(nullb);
+               null_free_dev(dev);
+       }
+       mutex_unlock(&lock);
+
+       if (g_queue_mode == NULL_Q_MQ && shared_tags)
+               blk_mq_free_tag_set(&tag_set);
+}
+
+module_init(null_init);
+module_exit(null_exit);
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");